推荐回答(1个)
Mac OSX 正确地同时安装Python 2.7 和Python3
ABOUT 6 MINUTES TO READ/11/29/2015/CANDY TSAI/0 COMMENTS
Python3出来了(其实已经出来很久了,晕)!
但是还是有很多library还是使用Python2.7,所以要怎么在Mac里面同时装这两个版本,并且和系统所使用的Python区分开来呢?今天要写的是如何第一次就正确安装好,并且切换预设版本,不在误用系统的Python。
主要就这几个步骤而已,不会太困难的(或许有些你本来就装好了)
Step 1 安装Xcode
Step 2 安装套件管理工具Homebrew
Step 3 安装Pytho
Step 4 设定路径$PATH(不跟系统Python 打架)
Step 5 完成啰!确认安装结果~
Step 1 安装Xcode
可以到App Store搜寻Xcode并安装安装好了之后就把Xcode打开~第一次开启的时候会需要同意他的License Agreement之类的东西。然后到terminal输入来安装Xcode command line tool:

xcode-select--install
安装Xcode 就到此结束啰,要进入下一个步骤了!
Step 2安装套件管理工具:Homebrew
可以到官网或是在terminal 里贴上:

ruby-e"$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
安装好后可以跑一下
rewdoctor
如果出现
Your system is ready to brew.
代表万事OK,那如果有Warning的话,也不用太担心,可以按照里面的步骤去修正就好啰!
如果有出现Warning的话,虽然会在上面看到一句
If everything you use Homebrew for is working fine: please don't worry and just ignore them.
不过还是建议大家把东西装好,才不会到时候忘记自己到底什么东西还没设定好。
Step 3 安装Pytho
接下来要正式进入安装Python的步骤了!
首先,输入
ython--versio
天哪!都还没开始装Python,电脑里面怎么已经有了?
这是Mac系统要使用的Python,所以平常没适不要去乱动比较好唷!
所以现在我们要用homebrew来安装平常可以(乱搞?)使用的Python。
利用homebrew 搜寻Pytho
rewsearchpytho
这时候,会看到python和python3。
因为我已经装了,所以旁边会写(installed)。要安装Python啰!
rewinstallpytho
这样就开始安装了。
装完之后在输入
rewinstallpython3
在安装的时候,Python 会被安装在

/usr/local/Cellar
那就来看看这个资料夹吧
open/usr/local/Cellar/

就可以看到你正在安装的Python出现了!
除了Python之外,也有可能会装一些其他的东西,例如sqlite。
总之,不用太担心,homebrew会自己搞定。
(因为我装了很多哩哩抠抠,所以你的资料夹里可能不会有这么多东西)
Step 4 设定路径$PATH(不跟系统Python 打架)
什么是路径$PATH 呢?
还记得我们在装Python的时候,输入了brew,
系统就自动会知道要开始跑homebrew。
系统到底怎么知道我们的brew在哪里?
这就是$PATH的用途了!
echo$PATH
接下来就会看到一串类似这样的东西
/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bi
分号(:)是分隔的意思
所以当你在terminal里面输入brew时
系统就会开始从/usr/bin找起
如果在/usr/bin里面找不到的话
就会往下一个/bin去搜寻,以此类推
现在,我们回到资料夹去看
rew其实就在/usr/local/bin里面!

所以现在的问题就是,系统在/usr/bin里面也有一份Pytho
现在我们在/usr/local/Cellar里面也装了Pytho
这样在terminal打上python指令时,谁会被开启呢?
因为路径有顺序,所以它会先找到系统的Pytho
现在就要来解决这个问题
udoemacs/etc/path
udo让我们取得管理员权限
用emacs这个程式编辑路径档案
terminal会要求输入密码
(就是平常装东西也需要输入的密码)现在要把/usr/local/bin移到上面去control + k:把一行字剪下来control + y:把字贴上control + x + s:存档control + x + c:关掉emac


这时,再打一次
echo$PATH
为什么没有变!?
因为要开一个新的terminal才会更新唷!
开新式窗后再输入一次就会看到我们刚刚修改的结果了。
Step 5 完成啰!确认安装结果~
这样就完成啰!
其实python3本身比较不会跟其他人打架
因为他就是独立的python3
所以我们主要是要确认是不是读到我们用brew装的pytho
whichpytho
这时候看到
/usr/local/bin/pytho
再来看看python3 吧
whichpython3
应该会是
/usr/local/bin/python3
就代表读到刚刚装好的python啰!
当然如果你要跑系统本身的pytho
(应该是用不到啦~)
就输入
/usr/bin/pytho
总之就是…大功告成啰!
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