制作面包时,加黄油跟盐的作用是什么?

2025-02-11 17:07:55
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  一、酵母在面包生产中起着关键作用,没有酵母便制不出面包,它在面包制品中有如下的功能:
  ①生物膨松作用——酵母在面团发酵中产生大量的CO2,并由于面筋网状组织的形成,而被留在网状组织内,使面包疏松多孔,体积变大且膨松。
  ②面筋扩展作用——酵母发酵除产生CO2外,还有增加面筋扩展的作用,使发酵所产生的CO2能保留在面团内,提高面团的保气能力,如用化学膨松剂则无此作用。
  ③风味改善作用——酵母在发酵时,能使面团产生面包产品特有的发酵味道。另外,面团在发酵时除产生酒精外,同时还伴随有许多其它的与面包风味有关的挥发性和不挥发性化合物生成,形成面包制品所特有的烘焙风味,芳香、诱人食欲。
  ④增加营养价值——因为酵母的主要成分是蛋白质,在酵母干物质中,蛋白质含量几乎为一半,且必需氨基酸含量充足,尤其是谷物中较缺乏的赖氨酸有较多含量。另一方面,含有大量的VB1、VB2及尼克酸,每克干物质含20~40ug、VB1、60~85ug尼克酸,所以,提高了发酵食品的营养价值。
  二、盐在面包生产中之所以成为必须的基本原料之一,其作用是:
  1.增加风味。
  2.强化面筋。盐可使面筋质地变密,增加弹性,从而增加面筋的筋力。尤其是生产用水为软水时,适当加多盐用量,可减少面团的软、粘的性质。
  3.调节发酵速度,超过一定量的盐,对酵母的发酵有抑制作用,因此可通过增加或减少配方中盐的用量,调节、控制发酵速率。而且,适量的盐对酵母的生长和繁殖有促进作用,对杂菌也有抑制作用。
  4.改善品质。适量的用盐,可以改善面包心的色泽和组织,使色泽好看,组织细软。
  三、糖在面包生产中的主要功能
  1.糖是酵母发酵的主要能量来源
  2.甜味剂及营养价值
  3.增加面包的色泽和香味
  4.改变面团的物理性质
  5.增加柔软度,延长面包保存期
  6.改变面包内部的组织结构
  四、改良剂的作用
  又称面粉改良剂或面团改良剂。主要成分是一些矿物质如磷酸钙、氯化铵、硫酸钙等及溴酸钾。其作用除可提供酵母发酵所需的矿物质营养外,还有加强面筋强度作用,改善面包质量。
  国外使用的改良剂通常包括下面三个方面:
  水质调节剂——钙盐,调节水的硬度
  酵母营养剂——铵盐,给酵母提供氮素(N)。
  面团改良剂——即氧化剂如溴酸钾,提供气体保留性。
  五、黄油在面包生产中的作用
  1、润滑作用(融和作用),使面包组织均匀、细腻、光滑,并有增大体积效果。
  2、增加面团的烤盘流性。改善面团的操作性能。
  3、减少面团内的水分挥发,面包产品的保鲜期,延长其货架寿命。
  4、改善面包表皮性质,使表皮柔软。
  只有这么多了希望能帮助你

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