美式橄榄球球员位置简称的介绍分别是什么?
还有什么简称都说下!
推荐回答(1个)
WR, 是外接手
HB 是half back,也叫 tailback,就是跑锋,有时候也叫running back
以下来自维基百科
进攻组
由五名球员组成的攻击线锋(Offensive Line, OL, O-Line)负责保护传球者(通常为四分卫)及阻挡对手来为己方跑手开路。除了中锋外,其他攻击线锋通常不会触及球。进攻线之列阵之左至右依序为:左绊锋(Left Tackle, LT)、左哨锋(Left Guard, LG)、中锋(Center, C)、右哨锋(Right Guard. RG)及右绊锋(Right Tackle, RT)。由中锋负责发球(Snap),故中锋与四分卫之配合是进攻之始。
四分卫(Quarterback, QB,有译作「主帅」)在大部份进攻中都会接到发球。他可以给球(handoff)或传、抛球给跑卫、前锋、或自己持球冲锋。
边锋(Tight End, TE,或称为近端锋)可列队于两攻击绊锋的外侧,左右不拘,通常为右方。一般情况下只会有一个边锋,如两绊锋旁均列队边锋,则前锋会退到进攻线后以码以外的地方。他们可以像前锋去接球,也可以像攻击线锋们一样去保护四分卫或为冲锋球员开路。
跑卫(Running Back, RB,或译跑锋)列阵时通常排在四分卫的后面或旁边。他们是最擅长于持球冲锋。他们也能做阻挡、接球、以及在比较罕见的情况下,将球抛、传给队友。
跑卫又细分为两种
后卫(Fullback, FB)多列队于四分卫后面或旁边,主要任务是帮四分卫阻挡或帮中卫开路阻挡,偶尔需要持球冲锋与接球
中卫(Halfback, HB)通称的跑卫,在I阵式(I Formation)时列队于后卫正后方,跑阵时大多数时间球是交到他们手上,有时也要充当前锋(多于霰弹枪阵式下)
前锋(Wide Receiver, WR)在接近边线地方列阵。他们擅长于接传球。
前锋又细分为三种
侧锋(Flanker, FL),视边锋列队位置而定,不跟边锋列队于同一侧,且在攻防线上
散锋(Split End, SE),视边锋列队位置而定,跟边锋列队于同一侧,且不列队在攻击在线而是在后场
冲锋(Slotback, SB),会于霰弹枪阵式出现至少一位,列队于攻防线与前锋之间的后场。主要工作是要阻挡、接球、甚至充当跑卫持球冲锋,主要工作是阻挡跟接球
以上球员不会在每一次交锋出场。球队在每次交锋可选择派出多少名前锋、边锋及跑卫出场。
根据陈国亮先生所著的《美式足球观赏入门》一书内,列队于攻防线上或后一码内的叫做"锋",一码后的叫做"卫",因此跑锋较正确的翻译应称为跑卫
[编辑] 防守组(防守队)
防守线锋(Defensive Line, DL)由三至五名在对手的进攻线锋前列阵的球员组成。他们负责尝试去在对方跑手冲锋前或对方四分卫传球前把他们擒抱。
线卫(Linebacker, LB)。他们于防守线及后卫之间列阵,可以选择冲向对方四分卫、擒抱跑卫或协助看守前锋。
防守线锋与线卫合称"前线七员(Front Seven)",一般有4防守线锋3线卫 或 3防守线锋4线卫阵式,前者称为4-3防御,后者称为3-4防御
如采4-3防御则防守在线两侧为防守边锋(Defensive End,DE),中央为防守绊锋(Defensive Tackle,DT),线卫两侧为外线卫(Outside Linebacker,OLB),中间为中线卫(Middle Linebacker,MLB)
如采3-4防御则防守在线两侧为防守边锋,中央为正绊锋(Nose Tackle,NT),线卫两侧为外线卫,中间为内线卫(Inside Linebacker,ILB)
防守后卫(Defensive Backs,DB)通常由四名球员组成(两名角卫(Cornerback, CB),强安全卫(Strong Safety, SS)及游卫/自由安全卫(Free Safety, FS)各一)。他们负责看守对方的前锋及避免他们成功接球。有时他们也会冲向对方的四分卫做闪电突击(Blitz)试图擒杀(Sack)对方四分卫。
线卫通常会在霰弹枪阵式下抽出1-3名来当作第三-第五个角卫,这时防守阵式会变为4-2-5、4-1-6、3-1-7、4-0-7甚至0-4-7(由爱国者教练Bill Belichick所创)
五分卫(Nickelback, NB),为第三个角卫,第五个防守后卫
十分卫(Dimeback),为第四个角卫,第六个防守后卫
防守四分卫(Defensive Quarterback)或一元卫(Dollarback),为第五个角卫,第七个防守后卫
如果再抽出一名线锋,防守阵式变为3-0-8
防守中卫(Defensive Halfback),为第六个角卫,第八个防守后卫
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