做试管婴儿前,男性需要检查哪些项目

2025-04-04 03:22:26
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

男性
孕前检查
项目具体内容:
1、精液分析:此举有助于了解男性生育力,是不育症的必查项且,检查内容包括色、量、液化时间,酸碱度、
精子计数
、活动力、存活率及形态。
2、体外异种授精实验:即使常规精液分析完全正常,但有时仍不能完全代表精子的授精能力。体外异种授精实验可更准确地估计精子的受精能力,对判断男子生育力极具价值,常用者是人精子穿透仓鼠卵子的异种授精实验,以正常生育者的精子作为对照。
3、
前列腺液检查
:正常为乳白色、偏碱性,高倍镜下可见满视野的微小、折光的
卵磷脂颗粒
,少许上皮细胞、
淀粉样体
及精子,
白细胞数
大于十,有炎症时白细胞数目增加,甚或见到成堆
脓细胞
,卵磷脂颗粒显着减少。
4、内分泌检查:通过
促性腺激素释放激素
或克维米芬刺激试验可以了解
下丘脑
一一垂体--睾丸轴的功能。测定
睾酮
水平可以直接反应质细胞的功能。如有必要可测定
甲状腺激素
、肾上腺皮脂激素或泌乳素。
5、多普勒
超声检查
。有助于确认
精索静脉曲张

6、X线检查。为确定
输精管
道的梗阻部位,可采用输精管、
附睾
造影,输精管、
精囊
造影或
尿道造影
等,
高泌乳素血症
者摄蝶鞍X线断层片(正、侧位)以确定有无
垂体腺瘤

7、免疫学检查。通过
精子凝集试验
或制动试验检测血清或
精浆
中的精子凝集抗体或制动抗体。检测方法虽有多种,应因地制宜选用。
8、
睾丸活检
。用于
无精子

少精
子症,直接检查睾丸
曲细精管
的生精功能及间质细胞的发育情况,局部激素的合成与代谢可经
免疫组化
染色反映出来。
9、
染色体核型分析
。用于
外生殖器
官畸形、睾丸发育不良以及原因不明的
无精子症

男性孕前检查前注意事项:
男性孕前进行检查时需要禁欲3到7天,通过严格详细的孕前检查,可以提前预知精液是否有活力或是否少精、
弱精
,有助于孕育健康宝宝。

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