推荐回答(3个)
铅中毒已经不是再陌生的话题了,每位家长都会关注到孩子铅中毒这个话题。导致孩子铅中毒的原因虽然是有很多,但是想要预防也是很简单的。今天,为大家盘点一下都有哪些食物可以有效预防铅中毒吧。
铅中毒的危害是什么
饮用铅污染的水、食入含铅高的食品,如爆米花,松花皮蛋;婴幼儿啃食油漆床架、玩具,或食入含铅器皿内煮或盛放的酸性食物,或食入被铅污染的谷物,蔬菜等,都可引起铅中毒。
铅毒对儿童危害主要以神经系统损害为主。铅在儿童体内长期蓄积,会对大脑造成不可逆转的永久性损害。长期低剂量接触铅,即可导致儿童注意力不集中、眼手协调差、学习记忆差、智能低下等严重后果。
于铅在体内的吸收途径与钙、铁、锌、硒可发生竞争,因此,膳食中如果含钙、铁、锌、硒丰富,就可以减少铅的吸收。特别是牛奶,其所含蛋白质能与体内铅结合成一种不溶性化合物,从而常喝牛奶能使人体对铅的吸收量大大减少。
接下来,具体看看饮食预防铅中毒应该怎么吃吧。
铅中毒的饮食建议
动物肝脏、动物血、肉类、蛋类、鱼虾、豆制品等可使体内铅排出。这些食物也可以提供丰富的蛋白质,同时还能为宝宝补充铁和钙、锌等微量元素。充足的铁和钙、锌有利于铅的排出,同时还能阻止铅的吸收。
不宜过多食用粉丝、油条。虽然粉丝、油条好吃,但儿童却不宜常吃和多吃。因为这些食品在制作过程中会加入明矾,明矾是传统的食品改良剂和膨松剂,常用作油条、粉丝、米粉等食品生产的添加剂。由于明矾的化学成分为硫酸铝钾,含有铝离子,过量摄入会影响人体对铁、钙等成分的吸收,导致骨质疏松、贫血等,从而影响骨骼的正常生长发育。脑组织含铝过多,记忆力和智力会减退。因此,一些营养专家提出,儿童要远离含铝食品,以免引致发育障碍。
多吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果。维生素和植酸、果酸、果胶有助于促进铅的排出。特别值得一提的是,沙棘和猕猴桃等水果富含维生素C,能降低铅的吸收能力。
慎食爆米花和皮蛋。传统的皮蛋在腌制过程中要用多种辅料加工制作,其中有种叫密陀僧的辅料,其主要化学成分是氧化铅,它容易透过蛋壳进入蛋内。儿童对铅的吸收率较高,同时儿童机体对铅的毒性耐受性差,长期食用微量的铅,对神经系统、造血系统和消化系统都有明显的危害。
牛奶和奶酪避免铅吸收。奶制品中富含优质蛋白质,可以阻止人体对铅的吸收。
以上就是帮助孩子避免铅中毒的方法,快行动起来吧。
儿童每升血液当中的铅含量应不超过99微克,在100到199微克之间为高铅血症;200到249微克为轻度铅中毒;250到449微克为中度铅中毒;超过450微克就是重度铅中毒。通常认为0——6岁的儿童对铅的毒性高度敏感,以后随着年龄增大,对铅毒性的抵抗力也就越强。
一般来说,重度以上铅中毒,可对儿童全身多系统造成损害;中度儿童铅中毒,可能产生轻微贫血症状,影响儿童的行为发育、智力发育、体内维生素D代谢,长期处于这一水平还可增加成年后发生高血压的机会,甚至损害成年后的生育能力等。对于轻度铅中毒儿童,大量的研究证实:这样的血铅水平仍然对儿童的智力发育等存在一定影响。儿童的血铅水平每上升100微克/升,智商要下降6——8分。
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