在英语句子中,什么叫谓语动词,什么叫非谓语动词?

2024-12-28 10:36:49
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:
1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
  Miss Mary teaches us English.
  玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)
  Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
  维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。(to have a talk....不定式 作状语)
2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
  Larke likes the pop music.
  拉克喜欢流行音乐。 (动词用单数第三人称形式)
  Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)

非谓语动词的特征:
1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词,后面须跟宾语。
 Studying English is my favorite.
 学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)
 To help him is my duty.
 帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)
2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
 Working under such a condition is terrible.
 在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)
 It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.
 他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)
3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
 I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
 对不起让你久等了。(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)
 Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
 从山上看,这座城市美丽多了。(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)
4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
 Our coming made him happy.
 我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)
 There are two big swimming pools here.
 这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用)

非谓语动词的形式变化:
1.不 定 式 主 动 被 动
  一般 to write to be written
  进行 to be writing
  完成 to have written to have been written
  完成进行 to have been writing
2.现 在 分 词 主 动 被 动
  一般 writing being written
  完成 having written having been written
  过去分词一般 written
3.动 名 词 主 动 被 动
  一般 writing being written
  完成 having written having been written

回答2:

谓语动词就是可以作谓语的词
非谓语动词就是不可以作谓语的动词 注意这里说的是动词 不是动词当然不能作谓语
及物动词后面可以直接加宾语
不及物动词后面不能直接加宾语 必须在动词后面接个介词

回答3:

在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。

回答4:

谓语动词就是在句中充当谓语
非谓语动词就是动词后加了ed 或 ing