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先帝创办基业还不到一半,就中途去世了。现在,天下已分成魏、蜀、吴三国,我们蜀汉贫困衰弱,这实在是形式危急决定存亡的关键时刻啊。然而,侍卫大臣们在宫廷内毫不懈怠,忠诚有志的将士在边疆奋不顾身的原因,都是为追念先帝在世时对他们的特殊待遇,想在陛下身上报答啊。陛下应该扩大圣明的听闻,发扬光大先帝留下的美德,弘扬志士们的气概;不应该随随便便地看轻自己,言谈中称引譬喻不合大义(说话不恰当),以致堵塞忠臣进谏劝告的道路。
皇宫中和朝廷中都是一个整体,奖惩功过好坏不应因在皇宫中或朝廷中而有所不同。如果有做奸邪之事,犯科条法令以及尽忠做好事的人,应交给主管的官吏,由他们评定应得的处罚或奖赏,用来表明陛下公正严明的治理方针。不应偏袒徇私,使得宫内和宫外有不同的法则。
侍中郭攸之、费祎、侍郎董允等,他们都是善良诚实的人,他们的志向和心思忠诚无二,因此先帝把他们选拔出来留给陛下使用。我认为宫中的事情,无论大小,陛下都应征询他们,然后再去实施,这样一定能弥补缺点和疏漏的地方,获得更好的效果。
向宠将军,性情品德善良平正,精通军事,从前经过试用,先帝称赞他有才能,因此大家商议推举他做中部督。我认为军营中的事务,都应与他商量,这样一定能使军队团结协作,好的坏的各得其所。
亲近贤臣,疏远小人,这是前汉兴隆昌盛的原因;亲近小人,疏远贤臣,这是后汉所以倾覆衰败的原因。先帝在世时,每次与我谈论这些事,没有一次不对桓、灵二帝感到惋惜痛心遗憾的。侍中,尚书,长史,参军,这些都是忠贞贤良能够以死报国的忠臣,希望陛下亲近他们、信任他们,那么汉室的兴隆就指日可待了。
我本来是一介平民,在南阳亲自种田,只求能在乱世中苟且偷生,不谋求在诸侯前扬名做官。先帝不认为我身世卑微、见识短浅,降低自己的身份,亲自三次到草庐里来看望我,向我征询对当今天下大事的意见,我因此十分感动激动,于是答应先帝愿为他奔走效劳。后来遇到失败,我在战败的时候接到委任,在危难的时候接受使命,从那时到现在已经二十一年了。
先帝(刘备)知道我做事谨慎,因此在临终前把国家大事托付给我(诸葛亮)。自从接受遗命以来,我日夜忧虑叹息,惟恐先帝之所托不能实现,以至有损先帝的知人之明。所以我在五月渡过泸水,深入到不长草的地方(作战)。现在南方已经平定,武器装备已经准备充足,应当鼓舞并率领三军,向北方平定中原。希望全部贡献出自己平庸的才能,铲除奸邪凶恶的曹魏,复兴汉室,回到原来的都城洛阳。这是我用来报答先帝并忠于陛下的职责本分。至于处理事务,斟酌情理,有所兴革,毫无保留的进献忠诚的建议,那是郭攸之、费祎、董允等人的责任了。 希望陛下把讨伐奸贼、复兴汉室的任务交给我,如果没有完成,就请治我的罪,来告慰先帝在天之灵。如果没有劝勉陛下宣扬圣德的忠言,就责罚郭攸之、费祎、董允等人的怠慢,来揭露他们的过失;陛下自己也应该认真考虑国家大事,征询治理国家的好办法,听取正确的意见,深切追念先帝遗留下的诏令。(如果能够这样,)我就受恩感激不尽了。
现在我就要辞别陛下远行了,面对奏表热泪纵横,不知说了些什么。
(以上参考百度知道)
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译文 先帝开创的事业没有完成一半,却中途去世。现在天下分裂成三个国家,蜀汉民力困乏,这实在是形势危急、决定存亡的关键时刻啊。然而宫廷里侍奉守卫的臣子,不敢稍有懈怠;疆场上忠诚有志的将士,舍身忘死的作战,大概是追念先帝对大家的特殊恩遇,想要报答在陛下身上啊。陛下确实应该广开言路听取群臣意见,发扬光大先帝遗留下来的美德,振奋鼓舞志士们的勇气,绝不应随便看轻自己,说出不恰当的话,以至于堵塞了忠臣劝谏的道路。 宫里身边的近臣和丞相府统领的官吏,本都是一个整体,奖惩功过、好坏,不应因在宫中或府中而不同。如有作坏事违犯法纪的,或尽忠心做善事的,应该一律交给主管部门判定他们受罚或受赏,以显示陛下公正严明的治理,切不应私心偏袒,使宫廷内外施法不同。 侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,这都是些品德良善诚实、志向思虑忠贞纯正的人,所以先帝才选拔来给予陛下。我认为宫内的事情,事无论大小,应当征询他们的意见,然后再去施行。弥补缺点和疏漏之处,得到更多成效。 将军向宠,性情德行平和公正,通晓军事,过去任用的时候,先帝称赞他说能干,所以大家商议推举他为中部督。我认为军营里的事情,事情无论大小,都要征询他的意见,就一定能够使军队团结和睦,好的坏的各得其所。 亲近贤臣,远避小人,这是汉朝前期所以能够兴盛的原因;亲近小人,远避贤臣,这是汉朝后期所以衰败的原因。先帝在世的时候,每次跟我谈论起这些事,对于桓帝、灵帝的做法,没有不痛心和遗憾的。侍中郭攸之、费,尚书陈震,长史张裔,参军蒋琬,这些都是坚贞、可靠,能以死报国的忠臣,诚愿陛下亲近他们,信任他们,这样汉王室的兴盛,就时间不远了。 我本是个平民,在南阳郡务农亲耕,在乱世间只求保全性命,不希求诸侯知道我而获得显贵。先帝不介意我身份低微,地处偏远,委屈地自我降低身份,接连三次到草庐来访看我,征询我对时局大事的意见,因此我深为感激,从而答应为先帝驱遣效力。后来正遇危亡关头,在战事失败的时候我接受了任命,在危机患难期间我受到委任,至今已有二十一年了。 先帝深知我做事谨慎,所以临去世时把国家大事嘱托给我了。接受遗命以来,日夜担忧兴叹,唯恐托付给我的大事做的没有成效,从而损害先帝的明察。所以我五月率兵南渡泸水,深入荒芜之境。如今南方已经平定,武库装备充足,应当勉励三军,北伐平定中原地区,我希望竭尽自己低下的才能,铲除奸邪凶恶的敌人,复兴汉朝王室,迁归旧日国都。这是我用来报答先帝,忠心于陛下的职责的事。至于考虑事情是否可行采取适当措施,毫无保留地进献忠言,那就是郭攸之、费祎、董允的责任了。 希望陛下把讨伐曹魏的任务交给我,如果不能成功,那就惩治我失职的罪过,用
来告慰先帝的神灵。如果没有发扬圣德的忠言,那就责备郭攸之、费祎、董允等人的怠慢,用来揭示他们的过失。陛下也应该自行谋划,询问治国的好道理,识别采纳正确的言论,追念先帝遗愿,我就受恩、感激不尽了。 如今正当离朝远征,面对着奏章眼泪滴落,不知道自己说了什么。
先帝开创大业未完成一半,竟中途去世。如今天下分成三国,我益州地区人力疲惫、民生凋敝,这真是处在万分危急、存亡难料的时刻。但是,宫廷里侍奉守卫的臣子,不敢稍有懈怠;疆场上忠诚有志的将士,舍身忘死的作战,这都是追念先帝的特殊恩遇,想报答给陛下的缘故。陛下确实应该广开言路听取群臣意见,发扬光大先帝遗留下来的美德,振奋鼓舞志士们的勇气,绝不应随便看轻自己,说出无道理的话,从而堵塞了忠诚进谏的道路。 宫里身边的近臣和丞相府统领的官吏,本都是一个整体,升赏惩罚,扬善除恶,不应标准不同。如有作坏事违犯法纪的,或尽忠心做善事的,应该一律交给主管部门加以惩办或奖赏,以显示陛下在治理方面公允明察,切不应私心偏袒,使宫廷内外施法不同。 侍中郭攸之、费祎、侍郎董允等,这都是些品德良善诚实、情志意念忠贞纯正的人,因而先帝才选留下来辅佐陛下。我认为宫内的事情,事无论大小,都要征询他们的意见,然后再去施行。这样一定能够补正疏失,增益实效。 将军向宠,性情德行平和公正,了解通晓军事,当年试用,先帝曾加以称赞,说他能干,因而经众人评议荐举任命为中部督。我认为军营里的事情,事情无论大小,都要征询他的意见,就一定能够使军伍团结和睦,德才高低的人各有合适的安排。 亲近贤臣,远避小人,这是汉朝前期兴盛的原因;亲近小人,远避贤臣,这是汉朝后期衰败的原因。先帝在世的时候,每次跟我评论起这些事,对于桓帝、灵帝时代,没有不哀叹和憾恨的。侍中郭攸之、费祎,尚书陈震,长史张裔,参军蒋琬,这些都是忠贞、坦直,能以死报国的节义臣子,诚愿陛下亲近他们,信任他们,则汉王室的兴盛,就时间不远了。 我本是个平民,在南阳郡务农亲耕,在乱世间只求保全性命,不希求诸侯知道我而获得显贵。先帝不介意我出身低微,见识短浅,降低自己的身份屈尊,三次在草庐当中拜访,征询我对时局大事的意见,因此我深为感激,于是答应先帝奔走效劳。后来遇到兵败,在战事失败的时候我接受了任命,在危机患难期间我受到委任,至今已有二十一年了。 先帝深知我做事谨慎,所以临去世时把国家大事嘱托给我了。接受遗命以来,日夜担忧兴叹,只恐怕托付给我的大任不能完成,从而损害先帝的英明。所以我五月率兵南渡泸水,深入荒芜之境。如今南方已经平定,武库兵器充足,应当鼓励和统率全军,北伐平定中原地区,我希望竭尽自己低下的才能,消灭奸邪势力,复兴汉朝王室,迁归旧日国都。这是我用来报答先帝,并尽忠心于陛下的职责本分。至于掂量利弊得失,毫无保留地进献忠言,那就是郭攸之、费祎、董允的责任了。 希望陛下责成我去讨伐奸贼并取得成效,如果不取得成效,那就惩治我失职的罪过,用来上告先帝的神灵。如果没有发扬圣德的言论,那就责备郭攸之、费祎、董允等人的怠慢,公布他们的罪责。陛下也应该自己思虑谋划,征询从善的道理,明察和接受正直的进言,远念先帝遗诏中的旨意,我就受恩、感激不尽了。 如今正当离朝远征,流着泪写了这篇表文,激动得不知该说些什么话。 这是中文翻译Xiandi to create the great cause of the unfinished half, had died half-way. Now the world is divided into three, I Yizhou area of human fatigue, the people's livelihood is sluggish, which is in very critical to the survival of the unpredictable moments. However, the court guards serve the administrations, some dare not slacken our efforts; on the battlefield loyalty of those generals and soldiers, sacrifice their lives to forget the war dead, this is Xiandi remember the special case of TU, I would like to return to His Majesty's sake. His Majesty should be really open Qun Chen listen to the views of Xiandi carry forward the legacy of the United States and Germany, are exciting and encouraging people with lofty ideals of courage, should not be looked down upon ourselves, not to tell the truth, and thus blocked the path of loyalty to put forward their advices. Jin Chen and around the temple of the prime minister's office to guide officials, is a whole, reward or punishment, good and evil forces, should not be different standards. If a bad thing for violation of the law and order, or try to do charity and loyalty, should be handed over to authorities to punish or reward in order to show that His Majesty the management have a clear grasp of the fair, the cut should not be biased towards selfishness, both within and outside the court to make a different light. Shi Zhong Guo Yau, the fee Yi, DONG Yun Shi Lang, and so on, these are some good qualities of honesty, loyalty idea of pure emotion, and therefore elected to stay only Xiandi assist His Majesty. I think the Imperial Household things matter big or small, should seek their advice, and then implemented again. This will certainly be able to error correction, gain practical results. General to the pet, just and peaceful moral character, proficient understanding of the military, then the trial, Xiandi has to be commended, he said, competent, and therefore recommend the appointment by the council for the people of Central Governor. I think the army camp thing, no matter whatsize, should seek professional advice, we will be able to make the military Wu unity and harmony, the ability of people have the right level. Close Xian Chen, Yuan Bi villain, which is the early Han Dynasty tick of the reasons; little closer, Yuanbixianchen This is a decline in the late Han Dynasty. Xiandi alive, every time I comment on these things from, for Huandi, Lingdi times, and do not lament the Hanhen. Shi Zhong Guo Yau, the fee Yi, Shang Shu Zhen, Zhang-chief, Jiang Wan to join the army, are loyal, frank, in order to be able to serve the country's death justice section administrations, His Majesty the sincerity would like to close them, trust them, the Han The prosperity of the royal family, the time is near. I was a civilian, Nanyang County in the pro-tillage farming, the chaos in the world just to preserve lives, I do not know that the leaders desire to obtain and dignitaries. Xiandi I do not mind who is on the low short-term exposure to lower their capacity as patronizing, Cao Lu in three of them to visit, consult the event of the current situation, therefore I am deeply grateful, so Xiandi agreed to run the service. Later, faced defeat in the failure of the war when I accepted the appointment, in adversity during the crisis I was appointed, has been a 21. Xiandi know that I do care, so when he dies, the temporary management of state affairs entrusted to me. Testament to accept, they can not afford worry day and night, only I am afraid that I entrusted to the great can not be completed, to the detriment of Xiandi wise. May I Shuaibingnandu Lushui depth of barren territory. Now the South has already pacification, adequate weapons arsenal, should be encouraged and led the whole army, put down the Central Plains region of the Northern Expedition, I would like to be able to do their own low, the eradication of treacherous forces and revival of the Han Dynasty royal family, moved to the old capital. This is what I used to repay Xiandi and do the duties of loyalty to His Majesty part. As to weigh the advantages and disadvantages, without reservation Xianzhong into words, it is that Yau Kwok, the fee Yi, DONG Yun of the responsibility. I hope that His Majesty instructed to Jianzei crusade and efficiently, if successful, it would be my duty to punish the guilty, Xiandi appeal to the gods. If there is no carry forward the saint's remarks, Guo You-blamed for it, the fee Yi, DONG Yun and others neglect to announce their guilt. His Majesty also thought his plan to seek the truth from the good, to have a clear grasp and accept the integrity of the words into, well read in Xiandi Testament's will, I Shouen, a grateful. North Korea is now due from the expedition, wrote the tears of this table, get excited I do not know what to say.这是英文翻译