用单反拍摄时,光圈和焦距,那个对景深的影响大?

2025-03-10 03:56:31
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

  景深随镜头的焦距、光圈值、拍摄距离而变化。对于固定焦距和拍摄距离,使用光圈越小,也就是镜片的直径越小,景深越大,和镜头的通光量无关。

  影响景深的因素有三个:光圈数、镜头焦距、拍摄距离。这三个参数共同影响着景深。

  光圈数越大,理论上景深越大;镜头焦距越小,景深越大;

  拍摄距离越远,景深越大。

  光学变焦和数码变焦没有可比性。

  从焦点到近处容许弥散圆的的距离叫前景深,从焦点到远方容许弥散圆的距离叫后景深。

回答2:

1、常见民用镜头无55m的焦段的

2、光圈值越大,通光量越小,即光圈越小。光圈值每递增1.4倍(2的平方根),光圈缩小一倍。

3、在可合焦的最近拍摄距离下,景深最浅,这是前提。18-55在18mm端最近拍摄距离为0.28m,光圈最大为F3.5,景深约0.032m,在55mm端最近拍摄距离为0.5m~0.6m,光圈最大为F5.6,景深约0.017~0.024m

想获得浅景深,主要是靠像差,成像平面(胶片或CCD/CMOS)在成像光路的近光轴端结像弥散小,远光轴端结像弥散大,结像弥散是控制虚化的关键(通过控制光圈孔径大小以影响结像弥散),如果是理论上的针孔,在任意焦距上都是景深无穷大的(光圈值无穷小则无结像弥散)。上述的焦距/光圈/景深对应尺度关系中,结像弥散按APS系统取0.02mm(135系统为0.035mm)。如果光圈不足够大,才需要大的焦距以补足。但主要是光圈控制景深。很多小DC在对应135系统的焦距下,同样的参数拍摄出的景深是有差别的,就是因为系统的实际尺度的原因,同样原因,小DC在微距拍摄时,可用的最近拍摄距离是小于DSLR的,景深也明显小于DSLR。


楼主说的想控制主体和前/背景的突出表现差别,其实有别的方法可以实现的。就是精确控制闪光发力,这个需要多实践的,没操作定式的。再就是闪光拍摄和常规拍摄是完全不同的,控制已经不在快门了,而是由闪光速度决定快门的。


回答3:

你看到的数字是F值,F值越大光圈越小,F值与光圈是成反比的,所有F5.6不是光圈变大而是变小了。
F值大景深也深,背景的虚化效果就差,F值小景深就浅,背景虚化效果就明显,对景深影响主要是光圈。
你的镜头不是恒定光圈,所有焦距大F值也大,但光圈却小了。如果是恒定光圈的镜头,只要你不调整光圈F值,无论什么焦距F值都不会变。

回答4:

第一,协同作用,但是相对来说焦距会带来更强的压缩感光圈会带来更大的进光量。F5.6是变小了,数字越大光圈越小。景深越浅虚化越明显。

回答5:

镜头不是恒定光圈的话,最大光圈是随着焦距的变化而变化的,而且你的概念理解错了,F数字越大代表的是光圈越小,是相反的,如果你想要拍出更加虚化的效果,就要换一只长焦头,或者大光圈镜头,希望可以帮到你

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