关于mary shelley !! 急用!

2024-11-29 17:09:16
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

关于作者
English Romantic novelist, biographer and editor, best known as the writer of Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus (1818).英国浪漫主义小说家,传记作者和编者,最有名的,因为作家的弗兰肯斯坦,或现代普罗米修斯 ( 1818 ) 。 Shelley was 21 when the book was published; she started to write it when she was 18.雪莱21岁的时候,这本书出版了,她开始写它时,她18岁。 The story deals with an ambitious young scientist.故事涉及一个雄心勃勃的青年科学家。 He creates life but then rejects his creation, a monster.他创造了生命,但随后拒绝了他的创作,一个怪物。

"But success shall crown my endeavours. Wherefore not? Thus far I have gone, tracking a secure way over the pathless seas: the very stars themselves being witnesses and testimonies of my triumph. Why not still proceed over the untamed yet obedient element? What can stop the determined heart and resolved will of man?" (from Frankenstein ) "但成功与否应冠我的努力。哪,不是吗?因此到目前为止,我走了,跟踪是一个既安全又超过绝迹海洋:非常星级自己已被证人和证词,我的胜利,为什么不仍按过去燎原的,但听话的因素什么?都阻挡不了决心心脏和解决的意志为转移的什么" (从弗兰肯斯坦 )

Mary Shelley was born in London.玛丽雪莱出生于伦敦。 Her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft, died of puerperal fever 10 days after giving birth to her.她的母亲,玛丽wollstonecraft ,死于产褥热10天生完孩子后,交给她。 She was one of the first feminists, the author of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792) and the novel The Wrongs of Woman , in which she wrote: "We cannot, without depraving our minds, endeavour to please a lover or husband, but in proportion as he pleases us."她是第一个女权主义者,作者一个平反的权利的女子 ( 1792年)和小说 < 是非曲直女子 ,她在其中写道: "我们不能,但无depraving头脑,努力取悦情人或丈夫,但在比例,因为他使我们感到高兴" 。 Mary Shelley's father was the writer and political journalist William Godwin, who became famous with his work An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice (1793).玛丽雪莱的父亲是作家和政治问威廉godwin ,他成为有名的,与他的工作查询有关政治正义 ( 1793 ) 。 Godwin had revolutionary attitudes to most social institutions, including marriage. godwin了革命性的态度,以大多数的社会机构,其中包括婚姻。 In feminism he found an "amazonian" element.在女权主义,他找到了一位"亚马孙"自供状。 Among his other books is Things as They Are, or The Adventures of Caleb Williams (1794).他的其他书籍,是东西,因为他们是,或者冒险就Caleb威廉姆斯 ( 1794 ) 。

In her childhood Mary Shelley was left to educate herself amongst her father's intellectual circle, the critic Hazlitt, the essayist Lamb, the poet Coleridge and Percy Bysshe Shelley, who came into Godwin's circle in 1812.在她童年的玛丽雪莱留下来教育自己,其中她父亲的知识界, hazlitt评论家,散文家羔羊,诗人柯勒律治和( Percy bysshe雪莱,谁上台godwin的循环,在1812年。 Mary published her first poem at the age of ten.玛丽出版她的第一首诗,在年满10 。 At the age of 16 she ran away to France and Switzerland with Shelley.在16岁以上的,她逃跑到法国和瑞士同雪莱。 They married in 1816 after Shelley's first wife had committed suicide by drowning.他们结婚,在1816年后,雪莱的第一任妻子已经自杀,因溺水。 Their first child, a daughter, died in Venice, Italy, a few years later.他们的第一个孩子,一个女儿,死在威尼斯,意大利,数年后的事。 In History of Six Weeks Tour (1817) the Shelleys jointly recorded their life.在历史上的6个星期之旅 ( 1817 ) shelleys共同记录了他们的生活。 Thereafter they returned to England and Mary gave birth to a son, William.此后,他们回到了英格兰和玛丽生下了一个儿子,威廉。

The story of Frankenstein started on summer in 1816 when Mary joined with Percy Shelley and Claire Clairmont near Geneva Lord Byron.故事弗兰肯斯坦开始对夏在1816年,当玛丽同( Percy雪莱和克莱尔clairmont日内瓦附近的拜伦勋爵。 She took a challenge set by Byron and Shelley to write the most frightening ghost story.她是一个挑战所订的拜伦和雪莱写最可怕的鬼故事。 With her husband's encouragement, she completed the novel within a year.与丈夫的鼓励下,她完成了小说内部的一年。 At the Villa Diodati she had been a "silent listener" of her husband and Byron who discussed about galvanism.在Villa迪奥达蒂她曾是一个"沉默的听众" ,她的丈夫和拜伦的人谈论galvanism 。 At Eton College Shelley had become interested in Luigi Calvani's experiments with electric shocks to make dead frogs' muscles twitch.在潮流同步雪莱学院已成为有兴趣的Luigi calvani的实验中的电击,使死蛙的肌肉抽搐。 It is possible that his teacher, James Lind had demonstrated the technique to Shelley.可能是他的老师,詹姆斯林德显示了技术雪莱。 In her Introduction to the 1831 edition Mary revealed that she got the story from a dream, in which she saw "the hideous phantasm of a man stretched out, and then, on the working of some powerful engine, show signs of life, and stir with a uneasy, half vital motion."她在介绍了1831年版玛丽透露,她的故事,从一个梦想,她在其中看到了"丑陋phantasm一名男子伸展出来,然后,对工作的一些强大引擎,显示生命迹象的,并挑起与不安,有一半的重要议案" 。

Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818) The novel start with series of letters from Robert Walton to his sister. 弗兰肯斯坦,或现代的普罗米修斯 ( 1818 ) ,小说开始一连串的信件由罗伯特沃尔顿,以他的妹妹。 Walton is an English Arctic explorer who spots a strange creature on a dog-sled.沃尔顿是一个英语北极探险者景点一个奇怪的动物,对狗橇。 The exhausted Victor Frankenstein arrives, in pursuit of the creature,and while recuperating tells his story.该用尽维克托弗兰肯斯坦来临之际,在追求的动物,而在休养告诉他的故事。 He has been born into a wealthy Geneva family.他一直出生在一个富裕的家庭日内瓦。 After his mother dies of scarlet fever and becomes a student of natural philosophy and medicine.之后,他的母亲去世的猩红热,并成为学生的自然哲学和医学。 Inspired by occult philosophy and the teaching of his mentor, Waldman, he builds a creature in the semblance of a man and gives it life.灵感隐匿哲学与教学,他的导师,轻视,他建立了造物在表面上的一名男子,并赋予它生命。 It body is assembled from parts which Frankenstein has stolen from butcher shops, dissecting rooms, and charnel-houses.它的机构是从组装零部件,其中弗兰肯斯坦已被盗,从牛羊肉店内,夹层房间, charnel -房子。 The creature is repeatedly rejected by those who see it, but the monster proves intelligent, and later highly articulate.这种生物是多次拒绝那些看到它,但怪兽证明聪明的,后来又高度阐明。 Receiving no love, it becomes embittered.接受,没有人喜爱,它成为苦。 Frankenstein deserts his creation, who disappears. "I had worked hard for nearly two years, for the sole purpose of infusing life into an inanimate body. For this I have deprived myself of rest and health. I had desired it with an ardour that far exceeded moderation; but now that I have finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart." (from Frankenstein ) Frankenstein hears that his younger brother has been strangled, but Justine, his family's servant confesses the murder.弗兰肯斯坦沙漠他的创作,他会消失, "我曾努力工作,近两年来,唯一的目的是注入生命变为无生命体,对于这点我已经剥夺了自己的休息和健康,我想要的,它与一个激情远超出适度,但现在我已经完成,美丽的梦想化为乌有,并咋舌感到恐惧和厌恶填补了我的心" (由弗兰肯斯坦 )弗兰肯斯坦听说他的弟弟已被勒死,但在刚刚结束时,他的家人的仆人confesses谋杀。 However, later the monster tells that he murdered William and framed Justine.然而,后来的怪兽告诉他杀害威廉和诬陷在刚刚结束的。 Frankenstein then agrees to make a mate for the monster so that it will not bother anyone again.弗兰肯斯坦则同意作伴侣,为怪物,所以它不会打扰任何人。 A wave of remorse makes him destroy the female.浪潮悔恨让他摧毁女性。 The lone creature swears revenge.孤独的动物,发誓要报复。 He kills Frankenstein's bride, Elizabeth, on their wedding night.他杀死弗兰肯斯坦的新娘,黄钱其濂,对他们的新婚之夜。 The scientist becomes mad, but recovers and chases the creature across the world.科学家变得疯狂,但复苏和追逐生物在世界各地。 The two confront in the Arctic wastes.两国对抗在北极废物。 Frankenstein dies.弗兰肯斯坦逝世。 The creature describes eloquently to Walton his efforts to seek out beauty and how crime has degraded it beneath the meanest animal. "He is dead who called me into being; and when I shall be no more the very remembrance of us both will speedily vanish. I shall no longer see the sun or stars, or feel the wind play on my cheeks. Light, feeling, and sense will pass away; and in this condition must I find my happiness." The monster leaps from the ship on a ice-raft, disappearing again in the darkness.这种生物雄辩地说明了沃尔顿以他的努力,以寻求美容及如何犯罪已经退化,它下方meanest动物" ,他已经死了,他们叫我到;时,我会不会有更多的非常怀念,我们都将迅速消失。我将再也看不到太阳或星星,或者觉得风起于我的脸颊,轻,感觉和责任感,将过世;以及在此情况下,我要找到我的幸福"怪物飞跃,从船舶上冰在救生筏上,再次消失在夜色中。 - The novel contains no supernatural elements; the creation of the monster is described in the third edition on a rational scientific basis. -小说没有任何超自然的元素;创造的怪物,是描述在第三版对一个理性的科学依据。 Frankenstein is a scientist who challenges the Creator of the world with the possibilities of modern science, but is destroyed by his own ethical irresponsibility.弗兰肯斯坦是一位科学家的挑战,创造了世界同可能性现代科学的,而且是摧毁他自己的道德不负责任的表现。

The first edition of book had an unsigned preface by Percy Shelley.首版书有一个未签名的前言( Percy雪莱。 Many thought that it is also his novel, disbelieving that only 19-year-old woman could write such horror story.许多人认为,这也是他的小说,不相信,只有19岁的女子可以写这样的恐怖故事。 However, when the book was published in 1818, it became a huge success.但是,当这本书出版于1818年,它成为一个巨大的成功。 In 1818 the Shelleys left England for Italy, where they remained until Shelley's death - he drowned in 1822 in the Bay of Spezia near Livorno. 1818年该shelleys离开英格兰到意大利,在那里,直到雪莱的死因-他淹死1 822年在湾区的s pezia近利沃诺。 In 1819 Mary suffered a nervous breakdown after the death of William who died of malaria at the age of 3 - she had also lost a daughter the previous year.在1819年玛丽遭受了神经崩溃去世后,威廉的人死于疟疾,在年满3 -她还失去了一个女儿,比前一年。 In 1822 she had a dangerous miscarriage and she believed that she would die. 1822年,她有一个危险的误判和她相信她会死。 Shelley wrote to her friend Maria Gisborne about this loss and her husband's death, concluding the letter: "Well here is my story - the last story I shall have to tell - all that might have been bright in my life is now despoiled - I shall live to improve myself, to take care of my child, & render myself worthy to join him. soon my weary pilgrimage will begin - I rest now - but soon I must leave Italy -". Of their children only one, Percy Florence, survived infancy.雪莱写信给她的朋友玛丽亚吉斯伯恩关于这方面的损失和她丈夫的死,结束了信中说: "这里是我的故事-过去的故事,我会告诉-所有可能被光明,在我的人生现在de spoiled-我将活来提高自己的,要照顾我的孩子, & ,使自己无愧于加入他的团队。很快,我厌倦了朝圣将开始-我的休息,现在-但很快,我必须离开意大利-" ,其子女只有一个, (P e r cy佛罗伦萨,成活萌芽状态。 In 1823 she returned with her son to England, determined not to-re-marry.在1823年,她回到她的儿子到英格兰,决心不-再结婚。 She devoted herself to his welfare and education and continued her career as a professional writer.她努力不懈地以他的福利和教育,并继续她的职业生涯,作为一个专业作家。 Sir Timothy Shelley, her father-in-law, was not eager to help her and her son Percy financially.主席先生蒂莫西雪莱,她的岳父,并没有急切地想要帮助她和她的儿子( Percy自负盈亏。 Shelley never married but she flirted with the young French writer Prosper Merimee, and hoped to marry Maj. Aubrey Beauclerk.雪莱从未结过婚,但她徘徊在与年轻法国作家梅里美繁荣,并希望嫁给少校aubrey beauclerk 。

None of Shelley's works published for over 30 matched the power of her first legendary novel.无雪莱的作品,出版了超过30匹配的权力,她的第一个传奇小说。 Her later works include Lodore (1835) and Faulkner (1937), both romantic pot-boilers, and unfinished Mathilde (1819, published 1959), which draws on her relations with Godwin and Shelley. Valperga (1823) is a romance set in the 14th-century, and The Last Man (1826) depicts the end of human civilization, set in the 21st century republican England.她后来作品包括lodore ( 1835年)和福克纳 ( 1937 ) ,无论是浪漫的盆栽锅炉,并没有完成玛蒂尔德 ( 1819 , 1959年出版) ,其中吸取了她的关系, godwin和雪莱。 valperga ( 1823 )是一个浪漫设在14世纪, 和上一届文 ( 1826 ) ,描绘完人类文明的,定在21世纪共和党英格兰。 Its second part describes the gradual destruction of the human race by plague.第二部分说明了渐进式的毁灭人类的由鼠疫。 The story is narrated by Lionel Verney, the last man of the title, living amidst the ruins of Rome.故事是叙述由莱昂内尔verney ,最后男子的名称,生活中的废墟罗马。 Feminist critics have paid attention to its fantasy of the total corrosion of patriarchal order.女权主义批评家都重视其幻想的总腐蚀的宗法秩序。

Shelley gave up writing long fiction when realism started to gain popularity, exemplified in the works of Charles Dickens.雪莱放弃写小说,只要当现实开始知名度,体现在作品狄更斯。 She wrote a numerous short stories for popular periodicals, particularly The Keepsaker , produced several volumes of Lives for Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopedia , and the first authoritative edition of Shelley's poems (1839, 4 vols.).她写了许多短篇小说,为大众期刊, 特别是keepsaker ,制作了几卷人的生命为lardner的内阁cyclopedia ,首次权威版雪莱的诗( 1839年,第4卷) 。 Shelley's well-received travelogue Rambles in Germany and Italy appeared in 1844.雪莱的广受欢迎的旅游漫游在德国和意大利出现在1844年。 She also attempted a biography on Shelley but abandoned the work.她还试图传论雪莱,但放弃了工作。

The story of Frankenstein's monster has inspired over 50 films.故事弗兰肯斯坦的怪物激发了超过50片。 James Whale's version from 1931, starring Boris Karloff, is considered a classic, and became the major source for a number of other adaptations.詹姆斯鲸鱼的版本,从1931年,主演鲍里斯karloff ,被认为是一个典型,并成为主要来源为其他一些修改。 The monster kills little Maria on the lake and is hunted down and killed.该怪物杀死小玛丽亚对湖是追杀。 All reviews of the film were not positive: "I regret to report that it is just another movie, so thoroughly mixed with water as to have a horror content of about .0001 percent... The film differs greatly from the book and soon turns into a sort of comic opera with a range of cardboard mountains over which extras in French Revolution costumes dash about with flaming torches." (Creighton Peet in Outlook & Independent , December 9, 1931) Mel Brook's parody Young Frankenstein (1974), starring Gene Wilder in the role of the young Frankenstein, was beautifully photographed - Brooks used many archaic optical devices, including the old 1:85 aspect ratio for height and width of the frame.所有评论的电影不是正面的: "我很遗憾地报告说,它只不过是另一种电影,所以彻底与水混合,以有恐怖内容的约0.0001 % ...电影相差很远,由这本书,并尽快转变为某种漫画歌剧取得了一系列的纸板山而临时演员,在法国大革命服饰短跑约与高举着火炬" ( creighton毕特在Outlook与独立的 , 1931年12月9日)梅尔布鲁克的模仿年轻人弗兰肯斯坦 ( 1974 ) ,主演的基因狂放中的角色,以及年轻的弗兰肯斯坦,是精美的拍照-布鲁克斯也使用了许多过时的光学装置,其中包括旧1 :85长宽比为高度和宽度的框架。 The film received an Academy Award nomination for its script.电影获得奥斯卡金像奖提名,其讲稿。 Among its highlights is the scene in which Peter Boyle as the monster visits bearded blind man Gene Hackman, and barely manages to survive Hackman's hospitableness.其重点是现场,其中彼得贝尔作为怪兽访问大胡子瞎子基因哈克曼,勉强能存活哈克曼的好客。 Kenneth's Branagh's film Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1994) was faithful to the book.丁的branagh的电影玛丽雪莱的弗兰肯斯坦 ( 1994 ) ,是忠实于这本书。 The director himself was Frankenstein and Robert De Niro played the monster under a heavy mask.总本人还弗兰肯斯坦和罗伯特德尼罗扮演的怪物下一个沉重的面具。

回答2:

雪莱
开放分类: 人物、英国、作家、诗人

雪莱,全名珀西·比西·雪莱[1](Percy Bysshe Shelley,1792年8月4日-1822年7月8日),一般译作雪莱,英国浪漫主义诗人,出生于英格兰萨塞克斯郡霍舍姆附近的沃恩汉,其祖父是受封的男爵,其父是议员。12岁那年,雪莱进入伊顿公学,在那里他受到学长及教师的虐待,在当时的学校里这种现象十分普遍,但是雪莱并不象一般新生那样忍气吞声,他公然的反抗这些,而这种反抗的个性如火燃尽了他短暂的一生。

8岁时雪莱就开始尝试写作诗歌,在伊顿的几年里,雪莱与其表兄托马斯合作了诗《流浪的犹太人》并出版了讽刺小说《扎斯特罗奇》。1810年,18岁的雪莱进入牛津大学,深受英国自由思想家休谟以及葛德文等人著作的影响,雪莱习惯性的将他关于上帝、政治和社会等问题的想法写成小册子散发给一些素不相识的人,并询问他们看后的意见。1811年3月25日,由于散发《无神论的必然》,入学不足一年的雪莱被牛津大学开除。雪莱的父亲是一位墨守成规的乡绅,他要求雪莱公开声明自己与《无神论的必然》毫无关系,而雪莱拒绝了,他因此被逐出家门。

被切断经济支持的雪莱在两个妹妹的帮助下过了一段独居的生活,这一时期,他认识了赫利埃特·委斯特布洛克,他妹妹的同学,一个小旅店店主的女儿。雪莱与这个十六岁的少女仅见了几次面,她是可爱的,又是可怜的,当雪莱在威尔士看到她来信称自己在家中受父亲虐待后便毅然赶回伦敦,带着这一身世可怜且恋慕他的少女踏上私奔的道路。他们在爱丁堡结婚,婚后住在约克。

1812年2月12日,同情被英国强行合并的爱尔兰的雪莱携妻子前往都柏林为了支持爱尔兰天主教徒的解放事业,在那里雪莱发表了慷慨激昂的演说,并散发《告爱尔兰人民书》以及《成立博爱主义者协会倡议书》。在政治热情的驱使下,此后的一年里雪莱在英国各地旅行,散发他自由思想的小册子。同年11月完成叙事长诗《麦布女王》,这首诗富于哲理,抨击宗教的伪善、封建阶级与劳动阶级当中存在的所有的不平等。

雪莱的婚姻一开始就被他的敌人当作最好的武器来攻击他,当那些富于浪漫的骑士精神经过理性的冷却,他那场仓猝的婚姻中较为真实的一面随着两个人的成长开始显现。雪莱不得不承认婚姻并没有救助他的妻子,婚姻只是将两个人绑在一起来承受另一种折磨。在精神上,感情上,两个人之间的差异越来越大。这一时期,雪莱结识了葛德文的女儿玛丽·葛德文(Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin,1797年-1851年),他们相爱了,出走至欧洲大陆同游,他们对于爱情和婚姻的理想纯洁到连最严苛的批评家也无法致词。雪莱死后,玛丽为他的诗全集编注。

1815年,雪莱的祖父逝世,按照当时的长子继承法当时在经济上十分贫困的雪莱获得了一笔年金,但他拒绝独享,而将所得财产与妹妹分享。这一年除了《阿拉斯特》之外,雪莱较多创作的是一些涉及哲学以及政治的短文。

次年五月,携玛丽再度同游欧洲,在日内瓦湖畔与拜伦交往密切,这两位同代伟大诗人的友谊一直保持到雪莱逝世,雪莱后来的作品《朱利安和马达洛》便是以拜伦与自己作为原型来创作的。同年11月,雪莱的妻子投河自尽,在法庭上,因为是《麦布女王》的作者,大法官将两个孩子教养权判给其岳父,为此,雪莱受到沉重的打击,就连他最亲的朋友都不敢在他的面前提及他的孩子,出于痛苦及愤怒,雪莱写就《致大法官》和《给威廉·雪莱》。雪莱与玛丽结婚,为了不致影响到他与玛丽所生孩子的教养权,雪莱携家永远离开英国。

1818年至1819年,雪莱完成了两部重要的长诗《解放了的普罗米修斯》和《倩契》,以极其不朽的名作《西风颂》。《解放了的普罗米修斯》与《麦布女王》相同,无法公开出版,而雪莱最成熟、结构最完美的作品《倩契》则被英国的评论家称为“当代最恶劣的作品,似出于恶魔之手”。

1821年2月23日,约翰·济慈逝世,6月,雪莱写就《阿多尼》来抒发自己对济慈的悼念之情,并控诉造成济慈早逝的英国文坛以及当时社会现状。

1822年7月8日,雪莱乘坐自己建造的小船“唐璜”号从莱杭度海返回勒瑞奇途中遇风暴,舟覆,雪莱以及同船的两人无一幸免。按托斯卡纳当地法律规定,任何海上漂来的物体都必须付之一炬,雪莱的遗体由他生前的好友拜伦及特列劳尼以希腊式的仪式来安排火化,他们将乳香抹在尸体上,在火中洒盐。次年1月,雪莱的骨灰被带回罗马,葬于一处他生前认为最理想的安息场所。

主要作品
诗歌
爱尔兰人之歌(The Irishman`s Song,1809)
战争(War,1810)
魔鬼出行(The Devil`s Walk,1812)
麦布女王(Queen Mab,1813)
一个共和主义者有感于波拿巴的倾覆(Feelings Of A Republican On The Fall Of Bonaparte,1816)
玛丽安妮的梦(Marianne`s` Dream,1817)
致大法官(To The Lord Chancellor,1817)
奥西曼迭斯(Ozymandias,1817)
逝(The Past,1818)
一朵枯萎的紫罗兰(On A Faded Violet,1818)
召苦难(Invocation To Misery,1818)
致玛丽(To Mary,1818)
伊斯兰的反叛(The Revolt of Islam,1818)
西风颂(Ode To The West Wind,1819)
饥饿的母亲(A Starving Mother,1819)
罗萨林和海伦(Rosalind and Helen,1819)
含羞草(The Sensitive Plant,1820)
云(The Cloud,1820)
致云雀(To A Skylark,1820)
自由颂(Ode To Liberty,1820)
解放的普罗米修斯(Prometheus Unbound,1820)
阿多尼(Adonais,1821)
一盏破碎的明灯(Lines,1822)

剧本
倩契(The Cenci,1819,五幕悲剧)
暴虐的俄狄浦斯(Oedipus Tyrannus,1820,诗剧)
希腊(Greece,1821,抒情诗剧)
论文及散文
无神论的必然(1811)
自然神论之驳斥(1814)
关于把改革付诸全国投票的建议(1817)
诗的辩护(1821)
译著
柏拉图《会饮篇》
荷马《维纳斯赞》等
旦丁《地狱》篇部分
歌德《浮士德》部分

附诗一首

On A Faded Violet 一朵枯萎的紫罗兰

The odor from the flower is gone, 这朵花的香气已经散失,

Which like thy kisses breathed on me; 如你的吻对我吐露过的气息;

The color from the flower is flown, 这朵花的颜色已经退去,

Which glowed of thee, and only thee! 如你曾焕发过的明亮,只有你!

A shriveled, lifeless, vacant form, 一个萎缩、死的、空虚的形体,

It lies on my abandoned breast, 它在我荒废的胸口,

And mocks the heart, which yet is warm, 以它冷漠和无声的安息

With cold and silent rest. 嘲弄我那仍炽热的心。

I weep ---- my tears revive it not; 我哭泣,泪水无法复活它;

I sigh ---- it breathes no more on me; 我叹息,它的气息永远不再;

Its mute and uncomplaining lot 它沉默、无怨的命运,

Is such as mine should be. 正是我所应得的。

西风颂
1

狂野的秋风啊,你这秋的精气!
没看见你出现,枯叶已被扫空,
像群群鬼魂没见法师就逃避——

它们或枯黄焦黑,或苍白潮红,
真是遭了瘟灾的一大片;你呀,
你把迅飞的种子载送去过冬,

让它们僵睡在黑黢黢的地下,
就像尸体在各自的墓里安躺,
直到你那蔚蓝的春天妹妹呀

对梦乡中的大地把号角吹响,
叫羊群般的花苞把大气吸饮,
又让山野充满了色彩和芳香。

狂野的精灵,你正在四处巡行,
既拉朽摧枯又保护。哦,你听!

2

你呀,乱云是雨和闪电的使者,
正是在你震荡长空的激流上
闪电被冲得像树上枯叶飘落,

也从天和海错综的枝头骤降:
宛若有个暴烈的酒神女祭司
把她银发从幽暗的地平线上

直竖向中天,只见相像的发丝
在你汹涌的蓝莹莹表面四起,
宣告暴风雨的逼近。残年濒死,

你是它挽歌,而正在合拢的夜
便是它上接天穹的崇墓巨陵——
笼着你聚起的全部水汽之力,

而黑雨、电火和冰雹也都将从
这浓云中迸发而下。哦,你听!

3

你呀,在巴亚湾的浮石小岛旁②
地中海躺着听它碧波的喧哗,
渐渐被催入它夏日里的梦乡,

睡眼只见在那强烈的波光下,
微微颤动着古老的宫殿城堡——
那墙上满是青春苔藓和野花,

单想想那芬芳,心儿就会醉掉!
你却又把它唤醒。为给你开路,
平坦的大西洋豁开深沟条条,

而在其深处,那些水底的花树、
枝叶譃曰有树汁的泥泞密林
也都能立刻就辨出你的号呼,

顿时因受惊而开始瑟缩凋零,③
连颜色也变得灰暗。哦,你听!

4

我若是被你托起的一片枯叶;
我若是随你飞驰的一团云朵;
我若是浪涛在你威力下喘息,

分享你有力的冲动,那自由,哦!
仅次于不羁的你;我若是仍然
在我的童年时代,仍然能够做

你在天空邀游时的忠实伙伴——
因为那时,奔得比你快也未必
是梦想;那我就不会如此艰难,

无须这样哀求你。请把我掀起,
哦,就当我是枯叶、云朵或浪涛!
我,跌倒在人生荆棘上,滴着血!

我,太像你:倔强、敏捷又高傲,
但岁月的重负把我拴牢、压倒。

5

让我像森林一样做你的诗琴,
哪伯我的叶像森林的叶凋落!
这两者又美又悲的深沉秋音

你那呼啸的浩荡交响会囊括。
但愿你这刚烈的精神我也有!
但愿一往无前的你也就是我!

请把我已死的思想扫出宇宙,
就像你为催新生把落叶扫除!
而且凭着我这一诗歌的经咒

把我的话语传遍这人间各处,
像由未灭的炉中吹送出火花!
愿你通过我的嘴响亮地吹出

唤醒这人世的预言号声!风啊,
冬天既快来,春天难道还远吗?

黄杲炘译
①本诗构思于佛罗伦萨附近阿尔诺河畔的一处
树林中,并基本上在那里写成。那一天狂风骤起,
它温暖又爽人,收尽了将倾泻为秋雨的氤氲水汽。
不出我所料,到了日落时分,暴风雨开始了,起
先夹有冰雹,还伴有阿尔卑斯山以南地区所特有
的声势浩大的雷鸣电闪。——作者原注
又:本诗以五首十四行诗组成,但这些十四
行诗的分节与韵式都受一种叫做tercarima的意大
利诗体影响。
②巴亚湾因古罗马时的温泉疗养胜地巴亚城而
得名,即现在的波佐利湾(在那不勒斯湾西北部)。
浮石是火山岩的一种,因为那不勒斯一带都是火
山区。
③据雪莱原注,“这种现象,是博物学家们熟
知的。同陆上的植物一样,江河海洋底下的植物
的季节变化有着同样的反应,因此宣告这种变化
的风对之也有影响。

名言:
浅水是喧哗的,深水是沉默的。

道德中最大的秘密是爱。

饥饿和爱情统治着世界.

冬天来了,春天还会远吗?

过去属于死神,未来属于你自己.

读书越多,越感到腹中空虚.

微笑,实在是仁爱的象征,快乐的源泉,亲近别人的媒介。有了笑,人类的感情就沟通了。

一个人如果不是真正有道德,就不可能真正有智慧。

吻是灵魂与灵魂相遇在爱人的嘴唇上。
(嘴唇是一对爱人两个灵魂交会的地方。)

爱情不是时光的奴隶。

爱情就象灯光,同时照两个人,光辉并不会减弱。

希望会使人年轻,因为希望和青春是一对同胞兄弟。

最为不幸的人被苦难抚育成了 诗人,他们把从苦难中学到的东西用诗歌教给别人。

一首诗则是生命的真正的形象,用永恒的真理表现了出来。

所有时代的诗人都在为一首不断发展着的“伟大诗篇”作出贡献。

一首伟大的诗篇象一座喷泉一样,总是喷出智慧和欢愉的水花。

我们愈是学习,愈觉得自己的贫乏。

恶德——不和、战争、悲惨;美德——和平、幸福、和谐。

一首伟大的诗篇象一座喷泉一样,总是喷出智慧和欢愉的水花。

精明的人是精细考虑他自己利益的人;智慧的人是精细考虑他人利益的人

一个人如果不是真正有道德,就不可能真正有智慧。精明和智慧是非常不同的两件事。精明的人是精细考虑他自己利益的人;智慧的人是精细考虑他人利益的人。

道德的最大秘密就是爱;或者说,就是逾越我们自己的本性,而溶于旁人的思想、行为或人格中存在的美。