翻译一下~~!!!

2024-12-26 11:39:47
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

水污染的危害

水体污染影响工业生产、增大设备腐蚀、影响产品质量,甚至使生产不能进行下去。水的污染,又影响人民生活,破坏生态,直接危害人的健康,损害很大。

(1)危害人的健康

水污染后,通过饮水或食物链,污染物进入人体,使人急性或慢性中毒。砷、铬、铵类、笨并(a)芘等,还可诱发癌症。被寄生虫、病毒或其它致病菌污染的水,会引起多种传染病和寄生虫病。

重金属污染的水,对人的健康均有危害。被镉污染的水、食物,人饮食后,会造成肾、骨骼病变,摄入硫酸镉20毫克,就会造成死亡。铅造成的中毒,引起贫血,神经错乱。六价铬有很大毒性,引起皮肤溃疡,还有致癌作用。饮用含砷的水,会发生急性或慢性中毒。砷使许多酶受到抑制或失去活性,造成机体代谢障碍,皮肤角质化,引发皮肤癌。有机磷农药会造成神经中毒,有机氯农药会在脂肪中蓄积,对人和动物的内分泌、免疫功能、生殖机能均造成危害。稠环芳烃多数具有致癌作用。氰化物也是剧毒物质,进入血液后,与细胞的色素氧化酶结合,使呼吸中断,造成呼吸衰竭窒息死亡。

我们知道,世界上80%的疾病与水有关。伤寒、霍乱、胃肠炎、痢疾、传染性肝类是人类五大疾病,均由水的不洁引起。

(2)对工农业生产的危害

水质污染后,工业用水必须投入更多的处理费用,造成资源、能源的浪费,食品工业用水要求更为严格,水质不合格,会使生产停顿。这也是工业企业效益不高,质量不好的因素。农业使用污水,使作物减产,品质降低,甚至使人畜受害,大片农田遭受污染,降低土壤质量。海洋污染的后果也十分严重,如石油污染,造成海鸟和海洋生物死亡。

(3)水的富营养化的危害

在正常情况下,氧在水中有一定溶解度。溶解氧不仅是水生生物得以生存的条件,而且氧参加水中的各种氧化-还原反应,促进污染物转化降解,是天然水体具有自净能力的重要原因。含有大量氮、磷、钾的生活污水的排放,大量有机物在水中降解放出营养元素,促进水中藻类丛生,植物疯长,使水体通气不良,溶解氧下降,甚至出现无氧层。以致使水生植物大量死亡,水面发黑,水体发臭形成“死湖”、“死河”、“死海”,进而变成沼泽。这种现象称为水的富营养化。富营养化的水臭味大、颜色深、细菌多,这种水的水质差,不能直接利用,水中断鱼大量死亡。

回答2:

Human pollution is directly or indirectly to environmental emissions exceed its self-purification ability of the material or energy, thereby reducing the quality of the environment, human survival and development, ecosystems and the adverse impact on property phenomenon. They include: water pollution, air pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution. Water pollution is due to the involvement of a substance which led to its chemical, physical, biological or radioactive contamination, and other aspects of the change, thus affecting the efficient use of water, endangering human health or harming the environment, resulting in the deterioration of water quality. Atmospheric pollution is that the concentration of air pollutants harmful to the extent that damage ecosystems and human survival and development of normal conditions, cause harm to persons and biological phenomenon. Noise pollution is generated by means of environmental noise over the state of environmental noise emission standards and interfering with other normal work, study and life phenomenon. Radioactive pollution is caused due to human activities that material, human, places, the surface or internal environmental media of over national standards for radioactive material or ray. For example, state and local governments have formulated over the emission standards, ultra-types, overbooking, super-concentration of pollutants discharged; did not take measures to prevent overflow and leakage carrying oil or toxic cargo transport cargo into the sea which cause water pollution; illegal toxic emissions to the atmosphere of harmful substances, causing atmospheric pollution accidents, and so on.
With the scientific and technological level of development and the improvement of living standards, and environmental pollution is on the increase, especially in developing countries. Environmental pollution problems various countries of the world have increasingly become a common task of

回答3:

空气是人类生存所必需,空气被各种有害物质污染将直接或间接影响到人们的健康。大气污染是随着产业革命的兴起,现代工业的发展,城市人口的密集,煤炭和石油燃料的迅猛增长而产生的。近百年来,西欧,美国,日本等工业发达国家大气污染事件日趋增多,本世纪50-60年代成为公害的泛滥时期,世界上由大气污染引起的公害事件接连发生,例如:英国伦敦烟雾事件,日本四日市哮喘事件,美国洛杉矶烟雾事件,印度博帕尔毒气泄漏事件等等,不仅严重地危害居民健康,甚至造成数百人,数千人的死

回答4: