休闲类 论文英文参考文献 3千字

The leisure industry follows the economical development, the people income level enhancement to emerge one after another in various countries. Leisure industry by no means emergent industry, after the modern times Industrial Revolution appears in the European and American developed country, after in the 1980s, the rapid development, has become in the developed country industry system's prop. After China marches into the comprehensive affluent society, the leisure activity in the people will live the importance to appear day by day, the leisure industry will become one of our country's pillar industries. leisure the industry is not some concrete industry, but is an industrial system, is composition and so on tourism, entertainment industry, service industry and cultural industry industrial groups. This industrial group is through some leading industry, fuses other industries, for person's spirit, the material aspect's demand provides the service. In the leisure industry, between various industries has the relations which each other interlocks, supports mutually. The leisure industry's industrial group may divide into two levels: First is the leisure traveling, the leisure agriculture, the leisure industry and the leisure sports four major industries, they have formed the leisure industry main body; Second is with each main body industry connection close industry, these industries are the leisure industry support systems, demonstrated the leisure industry has the very strong relatedness and leads the function. The leisure traveling, the leisure agriculture, the leisure industry and the leisure sports four main body industries already has certain relatedness, also has each other support's relations. The leisure traveling and the leisure agriculture may each other overlapping, forms the sightseeing agriculture; Leisure traveling, leisure agriculture and leisure sports overlapping, presents leisure projects and so on camp, fishing; The leisure industry provides the technology and the equipment support for other three industries.

The leisure industry is an emerging industrial group, cannot belong to it in the tertiary industry some industry. First, in the leisure industry's leading industry belongs to the different industry, the leisure industry is these leading industry and other industrial fusion. The leisure agriculture's leading industry belonged to the primary industry, agricultural and the tourism, the transportation shipping industry, the food and beverage industry, the processing industry fusion has formed the leisure agriculture; The leisure traveling's leading industry is a tourism, belonged to the tertiary industry, the tourism and the transportation shipping industry, the food and beverage industry, the circulation industry, the entertainment culture industry fusion constituted the leisure traveling main body. The leisure industry belongs to the second industry, provides the technology, the product, the equipment for the leisure industry's integral development. Therefore, the leisure industry is the industrial fusion product, is a country from the industrial society backward industrial society transition when industry restructure leading industry. The leisure industry huge relatedness, the role which plays to national economy's development, with automobile industry quite, this is it becomes the developed country pillar industry the substantial clause. some people once the prediction next time were “the leisure time”, but domestic present still knows the insufficiency to the leisure industry's development, thought generally the leisure is the traveling, the entertainment. This kind of one-sided understanding has hindered the leisure industry in China's fast development. We must realize that will have the important lead role to the leisure industry to the domestic other industry's development. China is occupying the industrialization development time, while industry fast development, before the industrialized country once appeared questions and so on pollution, labor force cost rise also start in China to appear, looked from developed country's development process and the present industrial structure, the leisure industry is unceasingly forms gradually in national economy's status rise along with the country industrial structure adjustment, the developed country steps onto the industry not to have the fuming, the leisure is the industrial upgrading result. As uses for reference take it, China in the industry restructure process, the development leisure industry is a road which must be taken.
“the leisure industrial production” is advantageous to the solution urbanization, farmer additionally receiving, questions and so on industry restructure. At present national special operational policy measures unification conformity and so on releasing industry restructure, farmer additionally receiving, urbanization, for instance the industry restructure with “the mid-west development” the union, the farmer additionally receiving implementation “the agricultural industrial production” the policy, the urbanization and Rural enterprise's development unifies, all these measures have the very strong pointedness, the relation is not close. Also therefore, after having solved a problem must solve another problem again. For instance in the urbanization development encourages to develop the Rural enterprise, particularly processing industry, but will face the pollution to be serious, industrial structure backward question. After therefore has solved the urbanization problem, must solve the structural adjustment problem. The author suggested that should in more countrysides, the suburb implement “the leisure industrial production” the policy, this both can solve the urbanization, the farmer additionally receiving question, and can realize the industrial structure adjustment. Implements “the leisure industrial production” in the city the policy to be possible to lead the investment, the expense, realizes the industry restructure and the industrial upgrading, also has satisfied the people, in the income grows unceasingly under condition to leisure activity demand.
“the leisure industrial production” may industries and so on conformity traveling, agriculture, industry, transportation, cultural entertainment, circulation, but these industries involve industries and so on traffic equipment, books film and television, dining, tourism product, real estate. From the industrial connection angle analysis, the leisure industry leads the function to be formidable, may some relational not close industry fuse in together. “the leisure industrial production” is helpful to the harmonious society's development. Along with people income level enhancement, the people even more regard the life the quality and the connotation, but the country to the leave of absence system in the continual readjustment, particularly “the leave with pay” will also become a system, the people will have more time to use in the leisure activity. Therefore, the leisure industry's development relates in the people daily life the leisure activity spirit and the material need, also relates the socialism harmonious society the development. At present, our country's leisure industry scale is small, its development also occupies the disordering stage, the government must enhance “the leisure industrial production” to the leisure industry's understanding the altitude, and should give in the policy as far as possible the support, like in aspects and so on land examination, tax revenue, loan gives the preferential benefit; Formulation promulgation standard leisure industrial development laws and regulations; Encourages more enterprises to be engaged in the leisure product the development, the leisure project investment, impels the traditional industry to the leisure development, and so on.

休闲产业是伴随着经济的发展、人们收入水平的提高在各国相继兴起的。休闲产业并非新兴产业,在近代工业革命后就出现于欧美发达国家,20世纪80年代之后迅猛发展,已成为发达国家产业体系中的支柱。当中国步入全面小康社会之后,休闲活动在人们生活中的重要性将日益显现,休闲产业将成为我国的支柱产业之一。

休闲
产业不是某个具体的产业,而是一个产业系统,是旅游业、娱乐业、服务业和文化产业等组成的产业群。这一产业群是通过某个龙头产业,融合其他产业,为人的精神、物质方面的需求提供服务。在休闲产业中,各产业之间存在彼此交错、互相支撑的关系。休闲产业的产业群可分为两个层次:第一是休闲旅游、休闲农业、休闲工业与休闲体育四个主要产业,它们形成了休闲产业的主体;第二是与每一个主体产业关联紧密的产业,这些产业是休闲产业的支撑体系,显示出休闲产业具有非常强的关联性和带动功能。休闲旅游、休闲农业、休闲工业与休闲体育四个主体产业间既存在一定的关联性,也有彼此支撑的关系。休闲旅游和休闲农业可彼此交叉,形成观光农业;休闲旅游、休闲农业与休闲体育交叉,出现野营、钓鱼等休闲项目;休闲工业为其他三个产业提供技术和设备支撑。

休闲产业是一个新兴的产业群,不能将其归于第三产业中的某一个产业。首先,休闲产业中的龙头产业分属不同的产业,休闲产业是这些龙头产业与其他产业的融合。休闲农业的龙头产业属于第一产业,农业与旅游业、交通运输业、餐饮业、加工业的融合形成了休闲农业;休闲旅游的龙头产业是旅游业,属于第三产业,旅游业与交通运输业、餐饮业、流通业、娱乐文化业的融合构成了休闲旅游的主体。休闲工业属于第二产业,为休闲产业的整体发展提供技术、产品、设备。因此,休闲产业是产业融合的产物,是一国从工业社会向后工业社会过渡时产业结构调整的主导产业。休闲产业庞大的关联性,对国民经济的发展所起的作用,与汽车工业相当,这是其成为发达国家支柱产业的重要原因。

有人曾预言下一个时代是“休闲时代”,但国内目前对休闲产业的发展依然认识不足,普遍认为休闲就是旅游、娱乐。这种片面的认识妨碍了休闲产业在中国的快速发展。我们必须认识到休闲产业将对国内其他产业的发展产生重要的带动作用。中国正处在工业化发展时期,在工业快速发展的同时,以前工业化国家曾出现的污染、劳动力成本上升等问题在中国也开始出现,从发达国家的发展历程和目前的产业结构看,休闲产业在国民经济中的地位不断上升是随着国家产业结构的调整而逐步形成的,发达国家走上产业无烟化、休闲化是产业升级的结果。以之为借鉴,中国在产业结构调整过程中,发展休闲产业是必经之路。

“休闲产业化”有利于解决城镇化、农民增收、产业结构调整等问题。目前国家出台的产业结构调整、农民增收、城镇化等政策措施统一整合,比如工业产业结构调整与“中西部发展”结合,农民增收实施“农业产业化”政策,城镇化与乡镇企业的发展相结合,所有这些措施都具有很强的针对性,相互间的联系并不紧密。因此,在解决了一个问题之后还需再解决另一个问题。比如城镇化发展中鼓励发展乡镇企业,尤其是加工业,但又会面临污染严重、产业结构落后的问题。因此解决了城镇化问题之后,又要解决结构调整的问题。笔者建议,应在更多农村、城郊实行“休闲产业化”政策,这既能解决城镇化、农民增收问题,又能够实现产业结构的调整。在城市实行“休闲产业化”政策可带动投资、消费,实现产业结构调整和产业升级,也满足了人们在收入不断增长的条件下对休闲活动的需求。

“休闲产业化”可以整合旅游、农业、工业、交通、文化娱乐、流通等产业,而这些产业又涉及交通设施、图书影视、餐饮、旅游产品、房地产等产业。从产业关联角度分析,休闲产业的带动功能非常强大,可以将一些关系并不紧密的产业融合在一起。

“休闲产业化”有助于和谐社会的发展。随着人们收入水平的提高,人们更加看重生活的质量和内涵,而国家对休假制度也在不断调整,尤其是“带薪休假”将成为一项制度,人们将有更多的时间用于休闲活动。所以,休闲产业的发展关系到人们日常生活中休闲活动精神与物质的需要,也关系到社会主义和谐社会的发展。目前,我国的休闲产业规模小,其发展还处在无序化阶段,政府对休闲产业的认识还需提高到“休闲产业化”的高度,并应尽量给予政策上的扶持,如在土地审批、税收、贷款等方面给予优惠;制定颁布规范休闲产业发展的法律法规;鼓励更多企业从事休闲产品的开发、休闲项目的投资,推动传统产业向休闲化发展,等等。

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