康熙王朝中的周培公历史上真有着人吗

2025-03-23 22:25:01
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

周培公(1632年—1701年),本名昌,字培公,湖北荆门人,是康熙帝身边的重要谋臣之一,官至参议道台、山东登莱道、盛京提督。三藩之乱时,曾劝降割据平凉的王辅臣,其著作被收入《介庵草》。

早年经历
周培公幼年丧父,十岁时,李自成进攻荆郢间,其母孙夫人殉难而死,周培公落魄无依。成为州卒小吏,不久依附显赫者进入京城,担任内阁供奉。

劝降辅臣
康熙十三年(1674年)腊月,吴三桂发动三藩之乱,策动陕西提督王辅臣在北方反叛呼应。在耿精忠、王辅臣先后发动叛变后,吴三桂曾试图应援、打通与耿、王的联络,使叛乱地区联成一片,迅速压缩对清军的包围圈。康熙帝看清了吴三桂的战略意图,派出署兵部事的东阁大学士黄锡衮。与周培公一道毫不迟缓地调遣大军,从江西、浙江、陕西、甘肃等地阻击吴军,围剿耿、王叛军。当时的西部战场—陕甘地区,为西北边防重地,又近京师;而对朝廷构成直接威胁的主要是王辅臣的叛军,因此,康熙帝把注意力集中放在西部战场,以恩威并用、剿抚结合的手段,力图尽快扑灭王辅臣的叛乱。
康熙十五年(1676年),康熙帝任命图海为大将军,统辖陕甘征讨大军。王辅臣拥兵自重,以骁勇善战闻名,清将都有点怕他,不敢轻易进兵,他也没把清兵放在眼里,对10万清军围困毫无惧色,目空一切。
图海一到平凉,诸将勇气顿增,纷纷请命攻城。周培公向图海上取平凉策,被召为幕僚,他认真分析了当时的形势提出,陕西关中地区是天下脊梁,吴三桂这次造反不及时从云南取道四川进取陕西,而盘踞在湘鄂之间与荆襄官兵对峙,实在太不会算计。现在,王辅臣起来造反,举足轻重,但他的反叛,是情势所逼和舍不得高官厚禄,这好比白内障患者渴望重见光明,又恰似半身不遂者企求站立行走。如果朝廷派个能说会道的人前去劝诫,王辅臣必然会悬崖勒马,投降朝廷。这样也就用不着兴师动众与他们硬碰硬了。图海闻周培公之言,正中下怀,可是眼前并无合适的人可派。
王辅臣手下参将黄九畴、布政使龚荣遇(周培公奶娘龚嬷嬷的儿子)与周培公均是同乡,曾屡劝王辅臣归降,王举棋不定。他们设法将内部情况写成文字,用蜡丸封闭,密送周培公。周培公利用这一有利条件,自告奋勇,主动请缨,愿冒死进城劝降,说:“如果前去说服了王辅臣,那是大学士的福份;如果遭到不测,自己则死而无怨。”
图海闻听此事后十分高兴,星夜赶写奏本送至京城。康熙皇帝当即传谕周昌进京,并亲自在乾清宫召见。听完周培公的设想后,康熙帝嘉封周培公为参议道台、衔一品,赐穿黄马褂,携带谕降诏书,前往平凉招抚。
图海命周培公携带康熙帝赦诏,再次进城抚慰。王辅臣派龚荣遇率士民代表出城,向图海献平凉名册,其子王吉贞及总兵等上缴吴三桂投递的函札及“平远大将军印”、“陕西东路总管将军印”各一颗,接受清廷招抚。

委以重任
平定王辅臣陕甘叛乱,不仅解除了朝廷的重大威胁,而且剪除了吴三桂在西北的羽翼。朝廷对参战的汉将分别论功行赏,委以重任,多方鼓励和奖赏,使他们忠心耿耿为朝廷效力。周培公对奖赏只有一个要求:母亲孙氏以父死殉节,望皇上能为母请旌。图海奏请康熙皇帝升任周培公为山东登莱道,并对周培公母亲孙氏予以嘉封。
康熙十五年(1676年),朝廷诰封其母孙氏为贞烈恭人,加赠夫人衔。其父封赠为朝烈大夫,加赠中奉大夫衔。康熙皇帝还亲自御笔为孙氏撰写祭文,规定了祭祀规格,命布政司堂上官分守武昌道参政吴毓珍办理。周培公在家守孝三年,后到山东任职,因与总兵官意见不合,难以继续共事,仅在任三年,便辞官回到荆门家乡。

死于任上
康熙二十九年(1690年),西北蒙古族首领噶尔丹率众反清。赋闲在家的周培公仍不时关注朝廷政事,希望复起,闻讯后连忙赶写平叛“条呈”送到京城,亦被康熙帝采纳,任命周培公为盛京(今沈阳)提督,负责戍边。

康熙四十年(1701年),卒于任上。

回答2:

有。
周培公(1632年—1701年),本名昌,字培公,湖北荆门人,是康熙帝身边的重要谋臣之一,官至参议道台、山东登莱道、盛京提督。三藩之乱时,曾劝降割据平凉的王辅臣,其著作被收入《介庵草》

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