kind of ⼀ sort of后接名词有何特点

Kind of和sort of 最常见的含义是：“种类”。除此之外，它们还有副词性的用法，意思相当于to some extent,in a certain way,rather(有几分，有点儿，相当)等含义。一般情况下，sort of和kind of 可以相互替换。

一、kind of和sort of 修饰名词 

1. a) kind of和sort of后通常用单数名词，意为“种类”。
   eg. What kind of / sort of tree is that?  
   b)口语和非正式用语中后也有跟可数名词复数的。
   eg.I 've met this kind of /sort of tourists  

2. 口语中kind of和 sort of还可指某人或某事物的情况说不准。
   eg.I had a kind of/ sort of holiday but Icouldn't really relax(我算是放了假了，但却未能真正信息)
   He gave a kind of /sort of smile and left the room(他像是笑了一下就离开了房间)  

3. 用于be+kind/ sort of+名词的结构中。
   eg. He was kind of a fool.
   I won't tell you; it is sort of a secret.(我不告诉你，这有点是秘密)

二．Kind of和 sort of副词性用法

1. 修饰动词。
   eg.I kind of thought you might forget(我有点认为你可能忘了)  
   I sort of brushed my hair back with my hand(我随便用手把头发往后一掠)  

2. 修饰形容词。
   eg. The minute I went in ,I was sort of sorry I'd come.(我一进去就有点后悔不该来)  
   I feel kind of queasy.['kwi:zi] (我感到有点恶心)

3. 修饰副词。
   eg. He spoke sort of proudly(他说话带几分傲气)
   He has been acting sort of strangely lately(他近来行为有点古里古怪)

4. 修饰动名词和分词。
   eg.What about you and me sort of stepping out?(我和你出去走走好吗？)
   After I got across the road ,I felt as if I was kind of disappearing(我穿过马路后，觉得自己好像失踪了似的)
   She was sort of mucked-mouthed(她可以说是个花嘴姑娘)

5. 修饰不定式（只要出现在分裂不定式和不带to的不定式作表语的结构里）。
   eg. I was beginning to sort of hate him(我开始有点恨他了)  
   His job is kind of to nose others' privacy(他的工作有点像打探别人的隐私)  

6. 修饰介词短语。
   eg. A guinea pig looks kind of like a rabit,but it has short ears（豚鼠有点像兔子，只是耳朵短些）
   

三．Kind /sort of还可后置，前面用逗号或破折号与句子隔开，作为对前面内容的补充。

eg. It looks like Shakespeare's play——sort of (它像是莎士比亚的戏剧——有那么几分像)

四．Kind of 和sort of在句子中的位置

和一般副词一样，kind of /sort of的位置是：助动词、情态动词和系动词后，实义动词前。
eg. I was feeling sort of tired from the trip to New York and all (我去纽约一趟回来，觉得有点累)  

kind of/sort of的以上用法，大多数词典都把它注明为“俗语”,“口语”，“非正式用语”，“主要用于美国英语”等。但现在这种用法已为越来越多的人，包括英国人及许多受过高等教育的人所接受。这也充分显示了这两个短语在语言中生命力的强大。

如：I only like this kind [sort] of flower (bread).我只喜欢这种花(面包).What kind [sort] of picture do you like best?你最喜欢什么样的图画?注：在口语或非正式文体中有时也可在kind of后接复数名词.如：What kind [sort] of pictures do you like best?你最喜欢什么样的图画?2.复数形式的kinds [sorts] of则通常用于复数名词或不可数名词前（名词前也不用冠词）.如：I enjoy these kinds [sorts] of films.我喜欢这些类型的电影.They sell all kinds [sorts] of cheese.他们出售各种奶酪.What kinds [sorts] of pictures do you like best?你最喜欢哪些种类的图画?但是,在现代英语中,复数形式的kinds [sorts] of 也可用于单数名词前.如：I’ve seen many kinds [sorts] of car.我见过许多类型的汽车.所以综合以上内容可知：以下四句从语法上看都是正确的,但以第一句和第四句最为普通：What kind [sort] of book do you like reading?你喜欢读哪种书?What kind [sort] of books do you like reading?你喜欢读哪种书?What kinds [sorts] of book do you like reading?你喜欢读哪种书?What kinds [sorts] of books do you like reading?你喜欢读哪种书?3.比较以下同义表达：This kind [sort] of computer is of good quality.=Computers of this kind [sort] are of good quality.这种电脑质量很好.Many kinds [sorts] of snakes are found in Africa.=Snakes of many kinds [sorts] are found in Africa.非洲有很多种蛇.4.比较What kind [sort] of ...和What kind [sort] of a ...两者从形式上看,一个带不定冠词,一个不带不定冠词；从意思上看两者稍有区别：(1) What kind [sort] of ...侧重指类型、类别、种类等,其中的 what 具有类似 which的含义.如：What kind [sort] of car is it?这是什么牌子的车?(2) What kind [sort] of a...侧重指作用、性质、性能等,其中的what具有类似how的含义.如：What kind [sort] of a car is it?这种车质量如何?主要参考资料：《朗文英语语法》《英语常用词多用途词典》

kind of比较正式 sort of 不太正式 而且往往有点贬义的意味