已知x,y为正实数,且1⼀x+1⼀y=1则x+4y取值范围是?
如题大于等于8还是9?说能解释一下第一个回答哪错了
推荐回答(5个)
问题补充:大于等于8还是9?
说能解释一下第一个回答哪错了
答:正确答案(x+4y)≥9
因为x+4y=8,x=8-4y代入1/x+1/y=1,解得
y=[11±√(-7)]/8,y是虚数,不符合y为正实数的已知条件.
错误在均值不等式用在1/x+1/y≥2(xy)^(-0.5),即1/x=1/y,x=y时,可得(x+y)的最小值,但题目是求(x+4y)的最小值,所以均值不等一定要用在(x+4y)里,否则就会出错.如果用于1/x+1/y,只能求得(x+y)的最小值.
解法一:万能解法
已知x,y为正实数,1/x+1/y=1,x≠0,1;y≠0,1,x>1,y>1
1/x=1-1/y=(y-1)/y
x=y/(y-1)
设x+4y=s
s=x+4y=y/(y-1)+4y
4y^2-(3+s)y+s=0
未知数为y的上方程有解的条件是,判别式△≥0,即
(3+s)^2-4*4s≥0
(s-9)*(s-1)≥0
s≥9(s≤1,不符合已知条件,舍去)
即(x+4y)≥9
s=9,y=3/2,x=3
解法二:
已知x,y为正实数,1/x+1/y=1,x≠0,1;y≠0,1,x>1,y>1,y-1>0
1/x=1-1/y=(y-1)/y
x=y/(y-1)
x+4y
=y/(y-1)+4y
=1+1/(y-1)+4(y-1)+4
=5+4(y-1)+1/(y-1)
4(y-1)+1/(y-1)≥2√[4(y-1)*1/(y-1)]
4(y-1)+1/(y-1)≥4
x+4y≥9
答:若x,y为正实数,且1/x+1/y=1,则x+4y≥9
这里也提供一种解法,不过都要用均值不等式
具体如下
x+4y=(1/x+1/y)(x+4y) 因为1/x+1/y=1
=1+x/y+4y/x+4
=5+4y/x+x/y>=5+2根号(4y/x*x/y)=9
当且仅当 4y/x=x/y 即x=2y x=3 ,y=3/2等号成立
所以 x+4y取值范围是{9,正无穷)
1/x+1/y=1则x+4y=(x+4y)*(1/x+1/y)=1+4+(4y/x)+(x/y)
设(y/x)=t,因为x,y为正实数,所以t恒大于0...
则x+4y=5+4t+(1/t)≥5+2倍根号(4t*1/t)=5+4=9
当且仅当4t=1/t,即t=1/2,x=2y时取等号....
代回1/x+1/y=1,得到1/2y+1/y=1,此时y=3/2,x=3
均值定理
1/x+1/y=1大于等于2根号下1/xy
则1/xy小于等于1/4
xy大于等于4
x+4y大于等于2根号下4xy大于等于8
1/x+1/y=1
1/x=1-1/y=(y-1)/y
x=y/(y-1)=1+1/(y-1)
x+4y=1+1/(y-1)+4y
=(4y-4)+5+1/(y-1)
=4(y-1)-4+1/(y-1)+9
=(2√(y-1)-1/√y-1)^2+9
≥9
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