输电线路中的损耗?

2024-11-27 04:29:26
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

输电线路中的损耗叫做输电损耗或者线路损耗,指当负棚桥芦荷电流通过线路时,在线路电阻上会产生功率损耗。

电能通过输电线路传输而产生的能量损耗,简称线损。电力网络中除输送电能的线路外,还有变压器等其他输变电设备,也会产生电能的损耗,这些电能损耗(包括线损在内)的总和称为网损。线损是由电力传输中有功功率的损耗造成的,主要由以下3个部分组成。

由于电流流经有电阻的导线,造成的有功功率的损耗,它是线损的最主要部分式中P、Q、I分别为流经路线的有功功率、无功功率和电流;U为路线上与P、Q同一点测得的电压;R为线路的电阻,与导线的截面、导线的材料和线路的长度有关。由于线路有电压,而线间和线对接之间的绝缘有漏电,造成的有功功率损耗。

扩展资料:

输电损失计算:

电压质量是供电系统的一个重要的质量指标,如果供到客户端的电压超过其允许范围,就会影响到客户用电设备的正常运行,严重时会造成用电设备损坏,给客户带来损失,所以加强电压管理为客户提供合格的电能是供电企业的一项重要任务。

电网中的电压随负载的变化而发生波动。国家规定了在不同电压等级下,电压允许波动范围。国电农(1999)652号文链带对农村用电电压做了明确规定: 

1、配电线路电压允许波动范围为标准电压的±7%。

2、低压线路到户电压允许波动范围为标准电压的±10%。

电压损失是指线消模路始端电压与末端电压的代数差,是由线路电阻和电抗引起的。电抗(感抗)是由于导线中通过交流电流,在其周围产生的高变磁场所引起的。各种架空线路每千米长度的电抗XO(/km),可通过计算或查找有关资料获得。

三相线路仅在线路末端接有一集中负载的三相线路,设线路电流为I,线路电阻R,电抗为X,线路始端和末端电压分别是U1,U2,负载的功率因数为cos 。电压降△ù=△ù1-△ù2=IZ;电压损失是U1、U2两相量电压的代数差△U=△U1-△U2。

参考资料来源:百度百科-输电损耗

参考资料来源:百度百科-线路损耗

回答2:

不敏毁悉同的输电线路模型参数大小不同。输电线路上的损耗有:有功损耗:线路电阻产生;无功损耗余猜:线路感抗产生。
当线路较短时,线路阻抗会使得输送电压末段线路降低,这桥乎时可利用变压器的有载调压装置和加装补偿电容器;当线路较长时,由于容抗不能忽略,因此出现电容电流,电容电流可能使得线路末端电压升高,这是不允许的,这时可加装并联电抗器减小电容电流。

回答3:

输电线路虽然使用铜、铝等良导体作导线传输宽锋培电能,基猜但其仍有一定的慎唯电阻值,尤其是线路比较长的情况,颁布电阻值累积起来也是相当可观的,消耗的电能多的也会占到传输电能的百分之七、八。如果电压等级较低,损耗就更高。在低负荷率的配电网,线损能达到两位数。

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