碳酸饮料酸度的测定方法

紧急 说具体点
2024-12-04 22:08:39
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  表7-3 果蔬中柠檬酸和苹果酸的含量
  种类 柠檬酸% 苹果酸% 种类 柠檬酸% 苹果酸%
  草莓
  0.91 0.1 荚豌豆 0.03 0.13 苹果
  0.03 1.02 甘蓝 0.14 0.1 葡萄 0.43※ 0.65 胡萝卜 0.09 0.24
  橙
  0.98 + 洋葱 0.02 0.17 柠檬
  3.84 + 马铃薯 0.51 - 香蕉
  0.32 0.37 甘薯 0.07 - 菠萝
  0.84 0.12 南瓜 - 0.15 桃
  0.37 0.37 菠菜 0.08 0.09 梨
  0.24 0.12 花椰菜 0.21 0.39 杏(干) 0.35 0.81 番茄
  0.47 0.05 洋梨
  0.03 0.92 黄瓜 0.01 0.24 甜樱桃
  0.1 0.5 芦笋 0.11 0.1
  注:*——0.43为酒石酸的含量 +——痕量 -——缺乏
  
  表7-4 一些果蔬的pH值 名称 pH 名称
  pH 名称pH
  苹果 3.0~5.0 甜樱桃 3.2~3.95 葡萄2.55~4.5 梨 3.2~3.95 草莓 3.8~4.4 西瓜6.0~6.4 杏 3.4~4.0 酸樱桃 2.5~3.7 甘蓝5.2
  桃 3.2~3.9 柠檬 2.2~3.5
  番茄4.1~4.8 辣椒(青) 5.4 菠菜
  5.7 橙 3.55~4.9 南瓜 5.0 胡萝卜 5.0
  豌豆6.1
  
  表7-5 一些食品的pH值
  名称
  pH
  名称 pH 名称 pH 牛肉5.1~6.2 哈肉 6.5 鲜蛋 8.2~8.4 羊肉5.4~6.7 蟹肉 7.0 鲜蛋白 7.8~8.8
  猪肉5.3~6.9 牡蛎肉 4.8~6.3 鲜蛋黄 6.0~6.3 鸡肉6.2~6.4 小虾肉 6.0~7.0 面粉 6.0~6.5
  鱼肉
  6.6~6.8
  牛乳 6.5~7.0 米饭
  6.7
  第二节 酸度的测定
  一、总酸度的测定
  1、原理:食品中的有机弱酸,酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、草酸、乙酸等其电离常数均大于10-8,可以用强碱标准溶液直接滴定。用酚酞作指示剂,当滴定至终点(溶液呈浅红色,30s不褪色)时,根据所消耗的标准碱溶液的浓度和体积,可计算出样品中总酸含量。 2、操作方法 ⑴样品制备
  ①固体样品,干鲜果蔬,蜜饯及罐头样品,将样品用粉碎机或高速组织捣碎并混合均匀。取适量样品(按其总酸含量而定),用15mL无CO2蒸馏水(果蔬干品须加8-9倍无CO2蒸馏

  水)将其移入250mL容量瓶中,在75-80℃水浴上加热0.5h(果脯类沸水浴加热1h),冷却后定容,用干滤纸过滤,弃去初始滤液25mL,收集滤液备用。
  ②含CO2的饮料、酒类:将样品置于40℃水浴上加热30min,以除去CO2,冷却后备用。 ③调味品及不含CO2的饮料、酒类:将样品混匀后直接取样,必要时加适量水稀释,(若样品混浊,则需过滤)。
  ④咖啡样品:将样品粉碎通过40目筛,取10g粉碎的样品于锥形瓶中,加入75mL,80%乙醇,加塞放置16h,并不时摇动,过滤。
  ⑤固体饮料:称取5-10g样品,置于研钵中,加少量无CO2蒸馏水,研磨成糊状,用无CO2蒸馏水将入250mL容量瓶中,充分振摇,过滤。 ⑵测定
  准确吸取上法制备滤液50mL,加酚酞指示剂3-4滴,用0.1mol/L,NaOH标准溶液滴定至微红色30s不褪,记录消耗0.1mol/L NaOH标准溶液的mL数。 3、计算:
  1001
  0
  ×××××=
  VmVKVC总酸度
  式中:C-标准NaOH溶液的浓度,mol/L;
  V-滴定消耗标准NaOH溶液体积,mL; M-样品质量或体积,g或mL; V0-样品稀释液总体积,mL;
  V1-滴定时吸取的样液体积,mL;
  K-换算系数,即1mmol NaOH相当于主要酸的克数。

回答2:

一,原理
食品中所含的酸主要是有机弱酸或其酸式盐,测定时主要是根据酸碱中和原理,用强碱溶液进行滴定,通过计算便可求出该食品的总酸度.

二,仪器与试剂
碱式滴定管 三角瓶 滴定台 烧杯 移液管 电炉 玻棒 洗瓶 水浴锅
0.1mol/L NaOH标准溶液
1%的酚酞乙醇溶液

三,操作方法
1,样液制备:
吸取饮料50mL,放入干净的烧杯中,置于70-80℃水浴20-30分钟,除去二氧化碳后取出,冷却后加入活性炭进行脱色,过滤,弃去初滤液8-10 mL,收集滤液备用.
2,滴定:
吸取滤液20.00mL于锥形瓶中,加入2滴酚酞指示剂,用NaOH标准溶液滴定到粉红色为终点,记录消耗的碱液体积.平行测定2次.
3,计算:
CNaOH×VNaOH×0.07
总酸度(以柠檬酸计)% = × 100
V
V 吸取的饮料滤液体积 mL

回答3:

用PH试纸测试,按颜色对比就可以测定出来,试纸上有标准色给你对比的。

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