求Bill Gates 2007博鳌论坛上演讲原文(英文)

Bill Gates: Bo'ao Forum for Asia
Bo'ao, China
April 21, 2007

BILL GATES: Good morning, it’s a great honor to be on the panel with these distinguished leaders. This is my first time at the conference and I am very impressed with the important dialogue that is taking place as part of this meeting. I hope I wasn’t asked to be on the panel to represent the county with the lowest growth rate and highest deficit. I think what I’ll focus on is what’s changing in technology. I was surprised to see that the Thomas Friedman’s book, "The World is Flat," is not only popular in the Unites States but also countries throughout Asia. It’s a big best-seller here in China. That book does an amazing job of talking about how two amazing things have come together. First, the economic development in Asia, particularly the investment, and the focus on education. Second are the advances in technology and the arrival of the Internet. What this has done is changed the rules. One simple way that I like to describe it is the opportunity of a person used to be determined by the country they are living in. Now we can say that the opportunity is much more determined on the education that they receive.

Advances in Asia

The advances in Asia are incredible. Even as I follow the numbers, it’s amazing to see it in person. To see the construction and go to the universities to see how the classes have become very world-class in their capabilities. Microsoft started a research center here in Asia just 10 years ago. The results have been quite amazing, among the best work in the world. Not only is Asia benefiting from technology, but Asia will be a major source of the breakthroughs and advances of technology. That will come from having companies start here. There was a survey done in the United States that asked where the next Bill Gates will come from. Sixty percent of the United States said that the next stunning success would come from Asia. I think it’s true and amazing that it’s so well recognized that the investment and changes here are leading to very innovative work.

What has technology done for us?

What has technology done for us? It’s given us the mobile phone, the PC and the Internet. We can say that a worker that has a PC can look at information in ways far better than a paper-based approach. They can use databases, communicate with customers and see trends. Things like video have allowed people to refresh their skills simply by clicking on a video or a quiz that will test their knowledge. The ability to ask their employees about their projects and their goals. The ability to reach out and share with them the goals of the company, and have constant tracking of the metrics that are important for your organization. More and more workers are empowered with this tool, the PC connected to the Internet. It is the greatest tool that mankind has ever created to leverage our creativity. It allows them to communicate and share information in rich ways. Today, for students, that means a shared machine that they can only use a limited time during the day in their school, library or community center. It’s our goal that the cost of machine is so low, that it’s something every student can have. By that time we expect it to take a new form. It will look like the size of a tablet of paper. You will be able to talk to the computer and have your speech recognized. You will be able to use a pen with ink and your writing will be recognized as well. That device, through connection to the Internet, will give you educational material beyond what any textbook can provide. It will eliminate that need for textbooks because the information will be presented on the screen.

The recent advances include things like video as a standard thing on the Internet. It includes bringing the telephone network together with the data network. You won’t have a separate desktop phone or a PBX in your organization. We can use software that connects over the Internet that gets a communications capability that’s not only lower cost but more effective than the phone system today. You can share documents and edit them together. If you want video conference, that will be very straight forward. If you come back to your office to see who has called, you will see that list immediately. This type of communication can have a very beneficial impact on productivity.

Technology and Government Transparency

For citizens, the use of technology allows governments to be more transparent. To see where the money is being spent. It allows them to share and voice common interest about where they see things that the government can do better. That’s a way to get people to share their views and solve the complex issues and complex tradeoffs that governments often face. Everyone today has cited the issue of equity. As we have these incredible economic, medical and education advances, will they share on an equal basis so that everyone can benefit? This is a huge challenge. As powerful as market incentives are, we often need to compliment them with government action and philanthropy and special incentives to make sure the benefits are very widespread.

We can look at drug development. Ninety percent of the developed drugs are aimed at the disease conditions of the richest 20 percent. I remember when my foundation organized a $20-million grant for a malaria vaccine and I was told it doubled the amount of money going towards that work. That’s really a stunning thing because this disease kills over a million children a year. There has not been enough energy put into it. For a number of reasons, the market incentives have not caused those achievements to be made. I am optimistic. I think with government efforts and commitments of companies, these equity initiatives are capable of making these advances widespread. For Microsoft that means give every kid a chance to use a computer connected to the Internet. In many countries, our projects with the governments have gone out to libraries and many are going out to schools. In China we have pilot programs out in the rural areas, training the teachers and bringing down the cost of connectivity. It’s very exciting to see that work proceeding.

Need for Increase in Educational Investment

The increase in educational investment needs to come at all levels. Universities are important factors, but also broad-based education is an important challenge. I think we can make that more effective. The world’s best lectures on any topic can be found on the Internet. If you want to learn about chemistry or physics, that information is there. We are seeing TV that used to be limited to channels, by moving to Internet TV, not only do you eliminate that channel, but you allow all video of interest to be accessed whenever it might be interesting. Academic material will easily be there. Students will be able to watch video, test their knowledge, and talk to other students. I do think that we can revolutionize education. It’s not just students, but also teachers, seeing the best practice or seeing what material they might use to do their job more effectively. Healthcare and education are increasing portions of every economy in the world. Making sure that we bring technology and equity to these sectors is very important.

Microsoft in Asia

Microsoft sees immense opportunity to make better software. We are initiating a great campus in Beijing and Shanghai that will more than double the capacity to bring great R&D people in those locations. It’s us and other major players driving this expansion throughout Asia. I think there is no doubt that as Asia corresponds with it’s part of the population, which is over 60 percent, the R&D base will also migrate in that direction. If we look at the number of science and engineering students, Asia is a high percentage of that. The quality of those students continues to improve to a level where they will be able to make contributions. Technology has already made the world a smaller place. It’s already made it easier to find information. In not too many years, you will be able to talk to your cell phone and ask information. You will be able to see maps and have digital currency. You will be able to communicate without thinking about phone numbers. It’s as easy as picking a person and asking to be in touch with them. It won’t just be the cell phone or the personal computer. The TV set and the car, we will have technology in a very pervasive way and make it incredibly user-centric.

The Asian Miracle

Let me close by saying the rapid peaceful economic development of Asia really is a miracle. It’s having incredible benefits on a worldwide basis. Understanding the key elements and how we can continue that, how technology can come in to play an increasingly positive role, that’s something I am very excited about and very committed to. I know that Microsoft can play its part and I believe my foundation can also play a part, so it’s exciting to be a part of this.

Thank you.

(from http://www.microsoft.com/)

比尔盖茨：博鳌亚洲论坛
博鳌，中国
2007年4月21日

比尔盖茨：早上好，这是很大的荣誉，以对小组与这些杰出的领袖。这是我第一次在会议上，我感到很深刻的印象，与重要的对话，就是正在发生的一部分，本次会议。我希望我没有要求对小组，以代表县与最低增长速度和最高的赤字。我想我会着重的是什么的，在不断变化的技术。我很惊讶地看到，在托马斯弗里德曼的新书"世界并不都是平坦的， "不仅是流行在美国，而且亚洲其它国家。这是一次规模很大的畅销书在这里，在中国。这本书确实是一个了不起的工作，在谈论如何两个了不起的事情，走到一起。第一，亚洲各国的经济发展，尤其是投资，并侧重于教育。二是科技的进步和到达因特网。这是什么做的是改变了规则。一个最简单的方式，我喜欢来形容，它是有机会的一个人使用，以确定该国，他们都是生活的，现在我们可以说，机会是更为确定的对教育，他们接受的。

垫款在亚洲

预付款在亚洲是令人难以置信。甚至在我跟随号码，它的惊人，看看它的人。看到建设，深入到各大学看看如何班级变得十分世界一流的，在他们的能力。微软展开一项研究中心在亚洲仅在10年前。结果却相当惊人，其中包括最佳作品，在世界上。不仅亚洲从中受益，从技术，但亚洲将是一个主要来源的突破和进展的技术。这将是来自公司后，从这里开始。有一项调查显示，在美国，当问及下一个比尔盖茨将从何而来。百分之六十的美国说，在未来惊人的成功将来自亚洲。我认为它的真实而令人惊奇的是它的这么好认识到，投资和变化，这里是通往十分有创意的工作。

有什么技术为我们所做的吗？

有什么技术为我们所做的吗？它给我们的移动电话，个人电脑及互联网。我们可以说，一个工人说，有电脑可以看资料的方式远胜于一份文件为基础的方法。他们可以利用数据库中，与客户沟通，看看趋势。事情，比如视频，让人们重温他们的技能，仅仅通过点击视频或有奖问答游戏，这将考验自己的知识水平。能力要求雇员对他们的计划，以及它们的目标。有能力伸出手与他们分享的目标，该公司并已不断跟踪的度量是重要的，你的组织。越来越多的工人都有权与此工具，个人电脑已接驳上互联网。它是人类最大的工具，这是人类有史以来创造的杠杆作用，我们的创造力。它使它们能够相互通信和共享信息，在丰富的途径。今天，对学生，即是一个共同的机器，他们只能用有限的时间在白天，在他们的学校，图书馆和社区中心。这是我们的目标成本，机器是如此之低，它的东西每一个学生都可以有。到那时，我们期望它采取新的形式。它看上去很像，大小如一张片纸。您将可以谈论，以电脑及有你的讲话承认。你将能够使用钢笔与墨水和你的写作将被确认为好。该装置通过连接到网际网路，将与你的教育材料超出任何教科书可以提供。它会消除这种需要的课本，因为这些资料将介绍在屏幕上。

最新研究进展，包括像视频作为标准件事在互联网上。它包括将电话网与数据网络。你不会有一个单独的桌面电话或服务器，在你的组织。我们可以利用软件连接在互联网上获得的通信能力，这不仅降低成本，而且更有效，比电话系统今日。你可以共享文件，并编辑在一起。如果你想要视频会议，那将是非常直截了当。如果你回来给你的办公室，看谁有所谓的，你都会看到，立即被撤消。这种类型的沟通，能有一个非常有利的影响生产力。

科技及政府透明度

对于公民的，技术的应用使得政府更加透明。看到那里的钱是花在。它使他们能够分享和语音的共同利益在哪里，他们看到的东西，政府可以做的更好。 that'sa办法让人们分享他们的看法和解决复杂的问题和复杂的权衡，认为政府常常面对的问题。大家今天已经引用了公平的问题。由于我们拥有这些令人难以置信的经济，医疗和教育的进步，他们将分享关于平等的基础上，使每个人都可以从中得益？这是一个巨大的挑战。强大的市场诱因是，我们经常需要在恭维他们的政府行动和慈善事业，并特别奖励，以确保好处是非常普遍的现象。

我们可以看看药物的发展。百分之九十的发达毒品是着眼于病情最富有的百分之二十。我记得当我的基金会组织了一个200万美元赠款用于疟疾疫苗，并有人告诉我，它增加一倍，这笔钱去实现这项工作。这真是令人吃惊的事情，因为这种疾病死亡100多万儿童一年。有没有足够的精力投入到其中。由于若干原因，市场诱因，并没有引起这些成就了。我很乐观。我认为，与政府的努力和承诺的公司，这些股票的举措，能够使这些进展十分普遍。对于微软即让每个孩子有机会使用电脑已接驳上互联网。在许多国家，我们的项目与有关国家政府已外出图书馆和许多人走出去学校。在中国，我们有试点，在农村地区，培训教师和降低成本的连接。这是非常令人兴奋地看到，工作程序。

需要增加教育投入

增加教育投资的需求来在各个层面。大学是很重要的因素，但也有广泛基础教育是一个重要的挑战。我认为我们可以取得更为有效。世界上最优良的讲座就任何问题都可以在互联网上找到。如果你想了解化学或物理，信息是有。我们正看到电视所用的是限于渠道，转向互联网电视，你不仅消除这一渠道，但你让所有的录像，有兴趣上网时，它可能会很有意思。学术物质很容易会放在那里。学生将能够观看，测试他们的知识，跟其他同学。我确实认为我们可以革命性的教育。这不只是学生，而且教师，看到最好的做法或看到什么材料，他们可能使用，以做好本职工作，更有效地学习。医疗保健和教育是增加的部分，每一个经济体系，在世界上。确保我们带来技术和公平，以这些行业是非常重要的。

微软在亚洲

微软认为巨大的机遇，努力实现更好的软件。我们正启动一个伟大的校园，在北京和上海将增加一倍以上，有能力带来巨大的研发人，在这些地点。这是我们和其他主要参与者驾驶这种扩张在整个亚洲。我觉得这是毫无疑问的，因为亚洲是符合它的一部分人口，这是60 ％以上，研发基地也准备将这一方向努力。如果我们看看有多少科学与工程系的学生，亚洲是一个相当高的比例。质量，这些学生继续提高到一定程度，他们将在那里能够做出自己的贡献。技术已使世界变小的地方。它已经取得了用户方便地查找资料。在没有太多年了，你能谈谈你的手机，并要求信息。您将可以看到地图和拥有数字货币。你将能够沟通，没有想到电话号码。它的那么简单，接载一个人，并要求被接触到他们。这将不只是手机或个人电脑。电视和汽车，我们将有技术的一个非常普遍的方式，使之令人难以置信的以用户为核心。

亚洲奇迹

让我在结束发言时说，和平快速的经济发展，亚洲的确是一个奇迹。它具有令人难以置信的好处就世界范围基础。理解的关键要素，以及我们如何能继续如此，科技如何能在发挥着越来越积极的作用，这一点我感到很兴奋，并致力发展。我知道微软可以尽自己的本份，我相信我的基础，也可以发挥的一部份，所以这是令人振奋的是这项工作的一部分。

谢谢。