这句话是名词性状语从句,he was back where he had been整个是一个宾语从句where he had been是地点状语从句,where是一个引导词,并不相当于to whitch,这个从句就不是名词性从句了,所以只能用wherehe【主语】was back【系表结构作谓语】where he had been【地点状语从句】。这句话的意思是:最终他发现他又回到了他早已去过的地方。