实心球怎么投才能投的远?有什么好的训练方法?

2025-03-31 12:37:06
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

掷实心球的技术动作分析
[ 2009-11-25 9:55:00 | By: zhgf ]

投掷实心球的技术动作分析
1、准备姿势
两脚前后开立,前脚掌离起掷线约一脚距离,前后脚距离约两脚掌,左右脚间距以自己感觉舒适为宜,后脚脚跟稍微离地,两手持球自然,身体肌肉放松,重心落在两脚中间偏前,眼睛看正前方。
2、持球
持球的方法:两手十指自然分开,两手的食指、中指、无名指和小指放在球的两侧将球夹持,(男生两食指接触,女生两食指中间距离为1-2cm),两大拇指紧扣在球的后上方成正“八”字或者成倒“八”字,以保持球的稳定。持球后,两手下垂自然置于身体前下方,这样可以节省力量,在预摆时增大摆动幅度,持球时应注意:①球应拿稳,两臂肌肉放松;②在动作过程中能控制好球并有利于充分发挥两臂、手指和手腕的力量。
只有合理持球,才能有效拨球。怎样才是合理的呢?在持球的方法中介绍了两种,主要区别:第一种是两大拇指靠近且成正“八”字。第二种是两大拇指靠近且成倒“八”字。
前一种持球方法,由于人体生理结构因素,两个肘关节不会张得很开,从而在出手时有明显的拨球→鞭打动作,相对个人而言提高成绩的空间较大。
后一种持球方法,由于人体生理结构原因,拇指相对必然会引起两个肘关节张开较大,两手后引幅度受限,出手时不能充分拨球→鞭打,容易形成推的动作。我所教的学生都是采用前一种持球方法。我曾经选择一位男生用这两种方法进行比较,前者掷出8.5m,后者只掷出7.4m。很明显前一种方法优于后一种。但是持球时要注意抬头,身体重心提起,从心理学的角度来说,给人一种气势、信心和力量。
3、预摆
预摆是为最后用力阶段提高投掷实心球的初速度创造良好条件,预摆次数因人习惯而定,一般是一至两次,当最后一次预摆时,此时球依次是从前下方经过体前至头后上方,加速球的摆速,此速带动上体后仰,此时双手持球位置位于头顶后上方,后退微屈大约70°,重心落在后脚,前脚可伸直利用前脚尖点地,同时身体形成“满弓”并深吸一口气,临近出手瞬间,上身继续加大“满弓”深度,双臂向后拉。
“满弓”动作的过程包括预摆、身体反弓、引球。首先是预摆,预摆是完成身体反弓的预备过程,身体略向前弯曲,肢体放松,调整呼吸,摆动一到两次即可。其次是身体反弓,膝关节稍弯曲,后脚脚跟稍抬起,头部稍后仰,挺胸,送髋,在头部反射作用下形成身体反弓动作。最后是引球,双手持球后引于脑后,构成手臂的反弓动作,从而使整个身体形成“满弓”姿势。在引球这个环节中有两个地方受生理限制,影响后引幅度:①上臂和前臂的夹角不宜太大。②两个肘关节不宜张得太开。那么上臂和前臂的夹角多大才算合适呢?如果夹角太大球出手后飞行的角度很高,会影响成绩,如果夹角太小球出手后飞行没有弧度,也会影响成绩。经教学实践证明上臂和前臂的夹角在45°—90°之间为佳。原因有四:①可以增大后引幅度;②肩关节和肘关节都是转动的轴心;③能够充分利用肱二头肌和肱三头肌伸曲作用;④减少由于生理结构造成的限制,使引球摆臂动作更加流畅。四个条件同时满足可加快手臂摆动的速度,教学中教师应根据学生的实际情况反复调整最佳角度。
4、最后用力
最后用力是投掷实心球的主要环节,动作是否正确直接影响球的初速度及出手角度。最后用力动作是当预摆结束时两手持球用力积极从后上方向前上方前摆,此时的动作顺序是后腿用力蹬腿、挺髋、然后快速用力收腹、收胸,以胸带动大臂发力,大臂带动小臂,两臂用力前摆并向前压腕、拨指,将球向前掷出,出手阶段是身体各个部位力的传递过程。从纵向来看发力的顺序是从下至上,快速传导的过程;从横向来看各个部位的用力要求高度的协调性和速度。整个身体和手臂是自下而上的鞭打动作,但鞭打的速度要快,出手的角度要在最佳范围之内。最后用力阶段要屏住呼吸。出手后要注意降低身体重心控制身体平衡。只有掌握好最后用力阶段,才能将球掷得更远。

回答2:

其实这个一言两语也说不清,你可以看看老师说的姿势正确的同学,并且多多练习,这样你就能发现错误及时改正过来,我去年也是这么过来的,加油哦,祝你实心球考试能通过!

回答3:

其实实心球的锻炼并不难。。你可以多练练腰腹力

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