推荐回答（4个）
一、 外螺纹大径的计算及公差(GB 197/196)
a. 外螺纹的6h大径上限值即螺纹直径值 例M8为φ8.00上限值公差为”0”
b. 外螺纹的6h级大径下限值公差(以螺距为基准) P0.8-0.15 P1.00-0.18 P1.25-0.212 P1.5-0.236 P1.75-0.265 P2.0-0.28 P2.5-0.335
大径下限计算公式:d-Td 即螺纹大径基本尺寸-公差
例:M8外螺纹6h大径尺寸:上限为φ8,下限为φ8-0.212=φ7.788
c. 外螺纹6g级大径的计算与公差
6g级外螺纹的基准偏差(以螺距为基准) P0.8-0.024 P1.00-0.026 P1.25-0.028 P1.5-0.032 P1.25-0.024 P1.75 –0.034 P2.0-0.038 P2.5-0.042
上限计算公式 d-ges 即螺纹大径基本尺寸-基准偏差下限计算公式 d-ges－Td 即螺纹大径基本尺寸-基准偏差-公差
例: M8 外螺纹6g级大径 上限值φ8-0.028=φ7.972 下限值φ8-0.028-0.212=φ7.76
注:①螺纹的大径是由螺纹光杆坯径及搓丝板/滚丝轮的牙型磨损程度来决定的,而且其数值在同样毛坯及螺纹加工工具的基础上与螺纹中径成反比出现即中径小则大径大,反之中径大则大径小.
②对需进行热处理和表面处理等加工的零件,考虑到加工过程的关系实际生产时应将螺纹大径控制在6h级的下限值加0.04mm以上,如M8的外螺纹在搓(滚)丝的大径应保证在φ7.83以上和7.95以下为宜.
二、 内螺纹小径的计算与公差
a. 内螺纹小径的基本尺寸计算(D1) 螺纹小径基本尺寸=内螺纹基本尺寸-螺距×系数例:内螺纹M8的小径基本尺寸 8-1.25×1.0825=6.646875≈6.647
b. 内螺纹6H级的小径公差(以螺距为基准)及小径值计算 P0.8 +0. 2 P1.0 +0. 236 P1.25 +0.265 P1.5 +0.3 P1.75 +0.335 P2.0 +0.375 P2.5 +0.48 内螺纹6H级的下限偏差公式D1+HE1即内螺纹小径基本尺寸+偏差注:6H级的下偏值为“0” 内螺纹6H级的上限值计算公式=D1+HE1+TD1即内螺纹小径基本尺寸+偏差+公差例:6H级M8内螺纹小径的上限值 6.647+0=6.647 6H级M8内螺纹小径的下限值 6.647+0+0.265=6.912
c. 内螺纹6G级的小径基本偏差(以螺距为基准)及小径值计算 P0.8 +0.024 P1.0 +0.026 P1.25 +0.028 P1.5 +0.032 P1.75 +0.034 P2.0 +0.038 P2.5 +0.042
内螺纹6G级的小径下限值公式=D1+GE1即内螺纹基本尺寸+偏差
例: 6G级M8内螺纹小径的下限值 6.647+0.028=6.675 6G级M8内螺纹小径的上限值公式D1+GE1+TD1即内螺纹基本尺寸+偏差+公差
例: 6G级M8内螺纹小径的上限值是6.647+0.028+0.265=6.94
注:
①内螺纹的牙高直接关系到内螺纹的承载力矩的大小,故在毛坯生产中应尽量在其6H级上限值以内
②在内螺纹的加工过程中,内螺纹小径越小会给加工具——丝锥的使用效益有所影响.从使用的角度讲是小径越小越好,但综合考虑时一般采用小径的在中限至上限值之间,如果是铸铁或铝件时应采用小径的下限值至中限值之间
③内螺纹6G级的小径在毛坯生产中可按6H级执行,其精度等级主要考虑螺纹中径的镀层,故只在螺纹加工时考虑丝锥的中径尺寸而不必考虑光孔的小径。
公制螺纹计算公式
螺距 t
中径d2=d-0.6495 t
内径d1=d-1.0825 t
理论高度 H=0.8660 t
工作高度 h=0.5413 t
圆角半径 r=H/6=0.1443 t
大径的基本尺寸 减去 螺距乘以1.0825
即小径=大径-螺距*1.0825
如：M30*1.5，它就是30-1.3p，p为导程（1.5）。30-1.3*1.5=28.05
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