证明一个函数是奇函数还是偶函数的方法

2025-03-24 20:25:13
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

奇函数是指对于一个定义域关于原点对称的函数f(x)的定义域内任意一个x,都有f(-x)= - f(x),那么函数f(x)就叫做奇函数(odd function)。

偶函数:如果对于函数f(x)的定义域内任意的一个x,都有f(x)=f(-x),那么函数f(x)就叫做偶函数(Even Function)。偶函数的定义域必须关于y轴对称,否则不能称为偶函数。

扩展资料

奇函数特点:

1、奇函数图象关于原点  对称。

2、奇函数的定义域必须关于原点  对称,否则不能成为奇函数。

3、若 为奇函数,且在x=0处有意义,则  .

4、设  在定义域  上可导,若  在  上为奇函数,则  在  上为偶函数。即  ,对其求导f'(x)=[-f(-x)]'(-x)'=-f'(-x)(-1)=f'(-x)

运算法则:

(1) 两个偶函数相加所得的和为偶函数.

(2) 两个奇函数相加所得的和为奇函数.

(3) 一个偶函数与一个奇函数相加所得的和为非奇函数与非偶函数.

(4) 两个偶函数相乘所得的积为偶函数.

(5) 两个奇函数相乘所得的积为偶函数.

(6) 一个偶函数与一个奇函数相乘所得的积为奇函数.

(7)奇函数一定满足f(0)=0(因为F(0)这个表达式表示0在定义域范围内,F(0)就必须为0)所以不一定奇函数有f(0),但有F(0)时F(0)必须等于0,不一定有f(0)=0,推出奇函数,此时函数不一定为奇函数,例f(x)=x^2.

(8)定义在R上的奇函数f(x)必满足f(0)=0;因为定义域在R上,所以在x=0点存在f(0),要想关于原点对称,在原点又只能取一个y值,只能是f(0)=0。这是一条可以直接用的结论:当x可以取0,f(x)又是奇函数时,f(0)=0)。

(9)当且仅当f(x)=0(定义域关于原点对称)时,f(x)既是奇函数又是偶函数。

(10) 在对称区间上,被积函数为奇函数的定积分为零。

参考资料:百度百科奇函数词条 百度百科偶函数词条

回答2:

按定义来说:对于函数f(x)的定义域内任意一个x,都满足f(x)=f(-x)
所以,一般来说判断一个函数是奇函数还是偶函数必须要将定义域中的的所有数带入,这肯定不可能的.
那么可以先看看定义域,奇偶函数的定义域必须是对称的,一个函数的定义域若不是对称的,那么就不用判断了,肯定不是.这个基本一看就能看出.
定义域对称,这时候要判断奇偶性,首先是利用公式,若能推出f(x)=f(-x) 或者f(x)=-f(-x),那么就可以判定了. 所以若是有表达式,一般是将-x带入.
还有可以看图像,看图象是否关于原点对称(此为奇函数)或关于y轴对称(此为偶函数).
若以上两种都没有判断出奇偶,一般就很可能是非奇非偶函数了.不过考虑有的函数表达式复杂,f(x)=f(-x) 或者f(x)=-f(-x)难以推断,我们也可以将之分解,化成几个函数相加减或乘除的形式,然后根据各自的奇偶性再判断.当然这时要记住奇函数、偶函数相加减或乘除之后的奇偶变化.

回答3:

判断奇偶性,主要是同样的定义域内
f(x)+f(-x)=0
时为奇函数
f(x)-f(-x)=0
时为偶函数
一般在函数中把x用-x代入一下,化简到跟原函数相同的状态下,得出来的代数式是不是跟原函数相同还是相反,相同则为偶函数,相反则为奇函数,如若既不相同又不相反则为非奇非偶函数。

回答4:

函数奇偶性判定,

回答5:

首先要对它进行最彻底的化简
如:一个奇函数乘以一个偶函数;一个奇函数除以一个偶函数
(1)h(-x)=f(-x)g(-x)=-f(x)g(x)
因为f(x)g(x)=h(x) 所以h(-x)=-h(x)
所以为奇函数.
(2)h(-x)=f(-x)/g(-x)=-f(x)/g(x)=-h(x)
所以为也奇函数.

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