在android中怎样让按钮漂浮在图片上?

2025-03-29 13:24:06
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

android悬浮按钮(Floating action button)的两种实现方法

最近android中有很多新的设计规范被引入,最流行的莫过于被称作Promoted Actions的设计了,Promoted Actions是指一种操作按钮,它不是放在actionbar中,而是直接在可见的UI布局中(当然这里的UI指的是setContentView所管辖的范围)。因此它更容易在代码中被获取到(试想如果你要在actionbar中获取一个菜单按钮是不是很难?),Promoted Actions往往主要用于一个界面的主要操作,比如在email的邮件列表界面,promoted action可以用于接受一个新邮件。promoted action在外观上其实就是一个悬浮按钮,更常见的是漂浮在界面上的圆形按钮,一般我直接将promoted action称作悬浮按钮,英文名称Float Action Button 简称(FAB,不是FBI哈)。

float action button是android l中的产物,但是我们也可以在更早的版本中实现。假设我这里有一个列表界面,我想使用floataction button代表添加新元素的功能,界面如下:

要实现float action button可以有多种方法,一种只适合android L,另外一种适合任意版本。

用ImageButton实现

这种方式其实是在ImageButton的属性中使用了android L才有的一些特性:

 

android:layout_width="56dp"

android:layout_height="56dp"

android:src="@drawable/plus"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

android:layout_marginRight="16dp"

android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"

android:tint="@android:color/white"

android:id="@+id/fab"

android:elevation="1dp"

android:background="@drawable/ripple"

android:stateListAnimator="@anim/fab_anim"

/>

   

仔细一点,你会发现我们将这个ImageButton放到了布局的右下角,为了实现float action button应该具备的效果,需要考虑以下几个方面:

·Background

·Shadow

·Animation

背景上我们使用ripple drawable来增强吸引力。注意上面的xml代码中我们将background设置成了@drawable/ripple ,ripple drawable的定义如下:


    

        

            

        

    

   

既然是悬浮按钮,那就需要强调维度上面的感觉,当按钮被按下的时候,按钮的阴影需要扩大,并且这个过程是渐变的,我们使用属性动画去改变translatioz。

    

        android:state_enabled="true"

        android:state_pressed="true">

        

            android:duration="@android:integer/config_shortAnimTime"

            android:propertyName="translationZ"

            android:valueFrom="@dimen/start_z"

            android:valueTo="@dimen/end_z"

            android:valueType="floatType" />

    

    

        

            android:duration="@android:integer/config_shortAnimTime"

            android:propertyName="translationZ"

            android:valueFrom="@dimen/end_z"

            android:valueTo="@dimen/start_z"

            android:valueType="floatType" />

    

   

使用自定义控件的方式实现悬浮按钮

这种方式不依赖于android L,而是码代码。

首先定义一个这样的类:


public class CustomFAB extends ImageButton {

...

}

   

然后是读取一些自定义的属性(假设你了解styleable的用法)


private void init(AttributeSet attrSet) {

    Resources.Theme theme = ctx.getTheme();

    TypedArray arr = theme.obtainStyledAttributes(attrSet, R.styleable.FAB, 0, 0);

    try {

        setBgColor(arr.getColor(R.styleable.FAB_bg_color, Color.BLUE));

        setBgColorPressed(arr.getColor(R.styleable.FAB_bg_color_pressed, Color.GRAY));

        StateListDrawable sld = new StateListDrawable();

        sld.addState(new int[] {android.R.attr.state_pressed}, createButton(bgColorPressed));

        sld.addState(new int[] {}, createButton(bgColor));

        setBackground(sld);

    }

    catch(Throwable t) {}

    finally {

         arr.recycle();

    }

}

   

在xml中我们需要加入如下代码,一般是在attr.xml文件中。


    

        

        

        

    

   


使用StateListDrawable来实现不同状态下的背景


private Drawable createButton(int color) {

    OvalShape oShape = new OvalShape();

    ShapeDrawable sd = new ShapeDrawable(oShape);

    setWillNotDraw(false);

    sd.getPaint().setColor(color);

    OvalShape oShape1 = new OvalShape();

    ShapeDrawable sd1 = new ShapeDrawable(oShape);

    sd1.setShaderFactory(new ShapeDrawable.ShaderFactory() {

        @Override

        public Shader resize(int width, int height) {

            LinearGradient lg = new LinearGradient(0,0,0, height,

            new int[] {

                Color.WHITE,

                Color.GRAY,

                Color.DKGRAY,

                Color.BLACK

            }, null, Shader.TileMode.REPEAT);

            return lg;

        }

    });

    LayerDrawable ld = new LayerDrawable(new Drawable[] { sd1, sd });

    ld.setLayerInset(0, 5, 5, 0, 0);

    ld.setLayerInset(1, 0, 0, 5, 5);

    return ld;

}

   

最后将控件放xml中:


    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    xmlns:custom="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.survivingwithandroid.fab"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    tools:context=".MyActivity">

...

    

        android:layout_width="56dp"

        android:layout_height="56dp"

        android:src="@android:drawable/ic_input_add"

        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

        android:layout_marginRight="16dp"

        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"

        custom:bg_color="@color/light_blue"

        android:tint="@android:color/white"

     />

回答2:

用框架布局,imageView在外层,button在里面,这样button就能在图片的上面了

回答3:

自带的没有的,去安卓主题站找找资源吧
也有这种安卓软件的,去卓乐网看看.
希望能帮到你!

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