历史上真实的赤壁之战,和《三国演义》中的描述的赤壁之战差异大吗?
推荐回答(5个)
无论是正史《三国志》还是小说《三国演义》。都标明了三大战役,其中一个战役为众人所知,世人皆知,无人不晓。这个战役就是导致三国天下三分的一个战役《赤壁之战》。
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我们先来看看正史是如何记载这场战役的。《三国志》原文记献:权遂遣瑜及程普等与备并逆曹公,遇淤赤壁。时曹公军众已有疾病,初一交战,公军败退,引次江北。顷之,烟炎张天,人马烧溺死者甚众,军遂败退,还保南郡。
《三国志·吴书》:诸大将军传记提到拒曹公于乌林的字样,可以肯定的是,曹操驻军在江北的乌林。《元和郡县图志》:赤壁山在今蒲圻县西八十里,一名石头关,北临大江,其北岸即乌林与赤壁相对。
《江表传》记载的赤壁之战:至战日,盖先取轻利舰十舫时东南风急,因以十舰最著前,中江举帆。去北军二里于,同时发火,火烈风猛,往船如箭,飞埃绝烂,烧尽北船,延及岸边营柴。东南风急与中江举帆,说明冲乌林来的船来自乌林东南,这与上破魏武兵比较吻合。《三国志·吕蒙传》的记载:“是岁,又与周瑜、程普等西破曹公于乌林。
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兵力曹操方面,《三国志·吴主传》注引的《江表传》里记载曹操赤壁之战之前有给孙权一封书信,信中称曹军有八十万,《周瑜传》中记载曹操占据荆州后,得到水、陆军数十万,具体数目不详。周瑜在对孙权将曹操的兵力估到二十多万。孙吴鼓吹曲《伐乌林》则记载曹操舟车十万。
联军方面,孙权调给周瑜兵马三万,诸葛亮在劝说孙权抗曹时说刘备有兵马二万人。所以赤壁之战双方实际交战兵力孙刘联军最多五万人,曹操有十万到二十万人,是一场实力悬殊的战争。
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反而《三国演义》中赤壁之战可谓规模最大、兵力最大绝唱古今的一场战役。从诸葛亮舌战群儒,到孔明智激周瑜,群英会蒋干中计,奇谋孔明借箭,庞统巧献连环计,锁战船曹军用武,七星坛诸葛祭风再到黄盖诈降火烧赤壁,曹操败走华容道关云长义释曹操。可谓是大书特书精彩绝伦。
由于字数原因,我只能说《三国演义》和历史上的赤壁之战完全不相同,差异巨大。除了火烧赤壁以外《三国演义》描述蜀汉计谋的回合几乎都是虚构。而且赤壁之战是孙吴那边主战周瑜为大都督,主张打起来的。
真正历史上的赤壁之战里没有草船借箭,蒋干盗书,华容道等事情.
草船借箭的原形是孙权在赤壁之战以后曹操起40万大军报赤壁之仇,曹操背水节寨,孙权一日乘大船观察曹操大寨,当时浓雾密布,曹操下令放箭退敌,当时孙权的船一面受箭,倾斜一方,于是孙权下令把船调头,等到船身正过来之后,孙权下令回营,意外的得取了许多箭.
蒋干盗书是发生在赤壁之战之后,而华容道是子虚乌有.
他们的艺术方式各有不同,史书上是以纪录的方式来表现赤壁之战,而三国演义则是以小说的方式来表现,起到了承前启后的作用,作者罗贯中移花接木,捏造事物使得这部小说更能吸引读者,更有欣赏价值,所以我们现代人读三国演义不能批判说罗贯中捏造是非,因为他本来就是一种小说,我们应该以欣赏的态度来品读它.
赤壁之战是 中国历史上著名的以弱胜强的战争之一。公元208年(汉献帝建安十三年)曹操率领水陆大军,号称百万。官渡之战 :建安三年(198年),袁绍击败公孙瓒,占有青、幽、冀、并四州之地。建安元年,曹操把汉献帝挟持到许昌,形成“挟天子以令诸侯”的局面,取得政治上的优势。万,发起荆州战役,然后讨伐孙权。孙权和刘备组成联军,由周瑜指挥,在长江赤壁
诸葛亮不曾有过“草船借箭”的事。周瑜打黄盖也是子虚乌有。周瑜的同郡蒋干被曹操派去说服周瑜也确有其事
赤壁之战差异甚大,孔明在真正的历史中赤壁之战他只是个小配角,舌战群儒夸张无比,草船借箭更是移花接木,周瑜才是赤壁之战胜利的关键
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