探究固体熔化时温度的变化规律的实验步骤

2025-03-04 19:56:15
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

1、实验步骤:①按照实验装置,自下向上安装好实验装置(注意各个部分的衔接与安装高度).②预先将烧杯内的水加热到一定的温度,在加热过程中,不断用玻璃棒搅拌,以便水温均匀.③把装有一定量海波的试管放在盛水的烧杯里,用酒精灯通过烧杯和水给海波均匀、缓慢地加热(此种加热方式叫水浴加热).④观察温度计读数和海波的状态变化,当温度达到40
℃时,每隔1
min记录一次温度.在海波完全熔化后再记录4~5次,填入预先设计好的表格中.2、在研究具体问题时,一定要有步骤,设计好实验方案,有步骤地进行实验,是科学探究所必需的.3、在实验中,在相等的时间内测量一次温度,目的是为了寻找熔化过程中的温度变化规律.取相等的时间间隔,也是绘制温度曲线的需要.否则,会给回归温度曲线带来不便.

回答2:

1。先做海波的。按上图安装好实验器材(注意:①烧杯中的水要适量,以略高于试管中的物品为准。②海波或蜡应弄成颗粒或粉末状,使温度计的玻璃泡尽量与被测物体充分接触。③安装试管和温度计时,不要与器壁底部或侧壁相接触)。
2.点燃酒精灯,给烧杯中的水加热。先不计时,待水温上升至40℃左右时开始计时。开始计时后,每隔1分钟读一次温度计的示数。待海波全部熔化后,再测4~5次即可。
3.再测蜡的。熄灭酒精灯。取下试管,把温度计放入烧杯水中。待水温降至40℃左右时,把装有蜡的试管和温度计如上图重新安装在铁架台上并略待会儿,以便使烧杯中的水和试管内蜡的温度相同。
4.重新点燃酒精灯,当温度上升至40℃左右时,同样每隔1分钟记录一次温度计的示数,待蜡完全熔化后再记录4~5次数值。

回答3:

回答4:

晶体与非晶体熔化时都要吸收热量
逆向思维:从冰吸热可熔化成水,水在一定的条件下可变成冰的道理,知道凝固是熔化的逆过程。让学生根据物质熔化的规律推理出物质凝固的规律:无论晶体还是非晶体,在凝固时都要放热;晶体凝固时放出热量,但温度不变,非晶体凝固时放出热量,温度降低。
(1)熔化:物质由固态变成液态的过程。
(2)凝固:物质由液态变成固态的过程。
(3)晶体:有一定熔化温度的固体。
(4)熔点:晶体熔化时的温度。
(5)非晶体:没有一定熔化温度的固体。
(6)凝固点:晶体凝固时的温度。
基本规律:
(1)晶体熔化的条件:一是温度到达熔点,二是继续吸热。
(2)同种物质的熔点和凝固点相同,不同物质的熔点不同。
(3)熔化吸热、凝固放热。

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