船用发电机的安装工艺，求详解 主要步骤

以下是我们船厂针对STX主机做的安装工艺，请参考。

1. Installation procedure – 安装过程
1.1 After welding the structure foundation, draw the center line of the generator set and the foundation at the location of the resilient mounts according to main engine installation drawing. Drill the φ22 holes in the foundation top plate for the M20 fastening screws. Note! Verify the location of resilient mount holes before drilling theφ22 holes.
在基座焊接报验完毕后，根据主机安装图划定主机安装时的中心线，各减振垫在基座上的十字中心线位置，以及螺栓孔的位置。在主机基座面板上钻φ22的孔(M20螺栓)。注意！在钻φ22的孔之前，要核对确认减振垫上螺栓孔的实际位置。
1.2 Grind the foundation at the locations of the resilient mounts where necessary, then inspect contact conditions between top of foundation and flat plate with 0.1mm feeler gauge and feeler gauge should not be inserted.
用平板研磨减振垫位置处的主机座面板，使平板与基座之间良好接触，使0.1mm塞尺不能塞入。
1.3 Fit the conical elements to the bracket on the base frame by means of four M20 bolts screwed into the tapped holes on the top casting (5) and tighten to 150Nm (If the conical element have not been mounted by the factory); remove fixing bolt (7), spring washer (8) and top lock ring (6) from the conical element, see fig 1.
通过4个M20的螺栓将减振垫安装在发电机组底座上, 螺栓扭矩150Nm(若厂家没有预先安装减振垫)；然后拆掉减振垫上的紧固螺栓(7)，弹簧垫片(8)及顶部锁紧环(6)，见图1。

1.4 Position the four jacking bolts in the tapped holes (9) in the base casting (1), see fig 1; Position the jacking bolts with a through-going of minimum 40 mm, see fig 2.
将调整螺栓安放到减振垫底座(1)的螺纹孔(9)中，见图1；并将调整螺栓旋出减振垫底座至少40mm，见图2。

Fig1 conical element 图1

Fig2 conical element 图2

1.5 Lift the generating set with resilient mounts to the right position as installation drawing, lower the generating set until it rests completely on the foundation, and the set must be aligned with the foundation holes before the work start to avoid further removal of the set. Check that all jacking bolts have full contact with the foundation.
将发电机组以及减振垫整体吊装上船，根据安装图纸将主机安放在正确位置, 基座完全承受主发电机重量，并且使发电机组与基座面板上的螺栓孔找正，以免后续再移动发电机组。检查确认所有的调整螺栓与基座完全接触。
1.6 Check that all the internal buffers can be turned easily by applying a spanner. If this is not possible, turn the four jacking bolts in the base casting clockwise or anticlockwise to release the internal buffer, until all the internal buffers can be turned freely.
用扳手旋转缓冲螺杆，看是否能够轻松转动。如果不能转动缓冲螺杆，向上或向下旋动调整螺栓来释放缓冲螺杆承受的重量，直到所有的缓冲螺杆能够自由转动。
1.7 If all the internal buffers can be turned freely, let conical elements settle for 48 hours.
如果所有的缓冲螺杆都可以自由转动, 静置减振垫48小时。
1.8 Adjusting of conical elements after 48 hours.
静置48小时后，对减振垫进行调整。
1.8.1 After the conical elements have been deflected under static load for 48 hours, the laden height (H1) see fig 2, should be measured. Care must be taken，During leveling of the installation, to ensure that individual mountings are not overloaded.
在静载荷作用48小时后减振垫会产生偏斜，然后测量减振垫的负载高度（H1见图2）。要特别注意的是，在调平的过程中，保证每一个减振垫都没有超载。
1.8.2 The variation in laden height should not exceed 2 mm and should ideally be less; the laden height can be measured between top and base casing at H, on the two sides (see fig 2). The difference between the two sides (TB1 and TB2, see fig 3) of a conical mounting should not be more than 0.6 mm.
各减振垫的负载高度之间的差异最大不能超过2 mm，并且高度差异越小越好；测量减振垫基座和外壳之间的高度H1即为负载高度，见图2，要测量主机两边减震垫的负载高度。另外，同一减振垫对边的高度（TB1和TB2，见图3）差异不能超过0.6mm。

If Then
Difference exceeds
2mm Level the conical elements by adjusting the jacking bolts-commencing with the conical elements with the largest deviation
Difference does not exceeds 2mm The height of the steel shim can be measured

见上表 如果各减振垫的负载高度之间的差异大于2mm，从差异值最大的减振垫开始，依次旋动调整螺栓来调整减震垫的水平度。
如果它们之间的差值小于2mm，就可以开始测量需要的活垫高度。

Fig3 conical element 图3
1.9 Measure the steel shim on several points to obtain the highest possible accuracy during preparation. Make sure that the minimum height of the steel shim is 40mm to secure a future replacement of the conical elements. Record the measurement data and number each steel shim together with each conical element, machine the steel shim according to measurement data. Drill the mounting holes in the steel shim according to the conical base casing dimensions.
尽可能取较多的点（至少取减振垫4个角处）来测量基座面板和减震垫底面的距离，以保证得到较高准确度的高度值。确保活垫的高度不小于40mm以方便将来更换减振垫。记录测量数据，将活垫块和减振垫一一对应做上编号，按实际尺寸加工活垫块。按照减振垫底座上螺栓孔位置尺寸在活垫块上钻孔。
1.10 Turn the internal buffer anticlockwise (upwards) until it contact the base casting to secure the laden height of each conical element. Lift the generating set with hydraulic jack, remove all the jacking bolts.
向上调整缓冲螺杆直到与减振器底座接触，以此来确保减振器的负载高度。使用千斤顶将发电机组举起，拆掉所有的调整螺栓。
1.11 Position each completed steel shim according to the number, lower the generating set until it rests completely in itself.
将加工好的活垫块依据编号安放到准确的位置，慢慢放下发电机组，直到发电机组完全由活垫块支撑。
1.12 Adjusting of internal buffer.
调整缓冲螺杆。
Turn the internal buffer clockwise (downwards) until it makes contact with the steel shim, and then turn it anticlockwise (upwards) until it obtains contact with the base casting.
向下转动缓冲螺杆直至与活垫块接触，然后向上转动缓冲螺杆直至与减振垫底座接触。
Turn the internal buffer two full turns clockwise (downwards), and the internal buffer does not touch the steel shim.
再向下调整缓冲螺杆两圈，并且缓冲螺杆不会碰到活垫块。
1.13 Lock the internal buffer by remounting the top lock ring and turn it to the nearest thread hole-then secure with fixing bolt and spring washer, see fig 1.
重新安装顶部锁紧环锁紧缓冲螺杆，见图1。

1.14 Fix all the conical elements and the steel shims to the foundation with four M20 bolts and self locking nuts per conical. Lubricate the threads with engine oil and tighten to 200Nm.
使用4个M20螺栓和自锁螺母将减振垫和活垫块紧固在主机基座上，在螺栓上涂黄油并拧紧，螺栓扭矩200Nm。
Note! After completion of all works the buffer clearance must be checked, see points 1.12 and 1.13.
注意！在所有的安装工作全部完成以后，还要对缓冲螺杆进行一次核查，具体步骤参照上述的1.12 和1.13。