菊花有什么含义?

2025-04-03 00:19:15
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

 中国传统文化中的菊花渊源  菊花在中国的花木文化中的地位颇重。早在东周,即有“九月荣菊”的记载,而屈原是以菊自比第一人,他在离骚中挥墨,形容自己“夕餐秋菊之落英”,且“宁可抱香枝上老,不随黄叶舞东风”。而真正菊文化的创始人是晋代陶渊明,这位“菊友”与菊花朝夕相伴以至于住处也“秋菊盈园”,他得菊境之深,古往今来无人能及。唐代的孟浩然描绘了“待到重阳日,还来就菊花”的乡村赏菊之境;其同时代黄巢的“满城尽带黄金甲”更是成为今人的谈资。到了宋代则是“酒家皆以菊花缚成洞户”的重阳盛景。明代诗人李梦阳“只今秋色里,忍为菊花来”和清乾隆帝的“枫叶梧青落,霜花堆白菊”都可见明清时菊风益盛。在《红楼梦》中的众首菊诗,更是牵肠之笔。  在这些菊花的篇章中,并没有丝毫与哀悼有关的笔墨。  菊花的哀悼含义来自国外  很少有人意识到,用菊花扫墓如同用玫瑰表达爱情一样,其实主要是“西俗东渐”的结果;而更少会有人知道,菊花是从中国遍及世界的。  欧洲的词典上出现“菊花”一词,大约是17世纪末荷兰人在经商时将其从我国引入之后,18世纪菊花传入法国,而后19世纪中期又被引入拉丁美洲……以致遍及全球。  在欧洲,菊花栽种得最多之处是墓地,因为欧洲的传统文化认为菊花是墓地之花,如果做客或送人的话,此花是万万不可携带的。在拉丁美洲,菊花也有“妖花”之称。可见其在西方的地位。  又有消息报道,中国的菊花大量出口至东邻日本,创造了良好的经济效益。一海相隔之遥,搭上这些保藏运输的高昂费用,居然也能获利颇丰;这是由于日本对菊花需求量之大以致日本国内供不应求。在日本,即使是一个普通人离世,也常常要用到两三万枝菊花;更何况一个墓地每年对菊花的需求量。  在国外是如此;而在菊花的故乡中国,它为什么又有如此截然不同的含义呢?  “儒文化”和“重阳节”诠释菊花内涵  与国外迥异,菊花在中国传统文化中有两层含义,一是高尚的气节;二是吉祥长寿。  和道家的“师法自然”相反,儒文化讲究的是“比德”,主观地以自然山水来对应人的品行。菊花即以它凌霜而放,西风不落的傲骨和其“此花开尽更无花”的气度被赋予了坚贞不屈的高洁情操。另外,菊花开放在九月,“九”是单位数中最大的数,被称做“至数”、“阳数”,因而菊花与九九双阳相叠的重阳一样,被赋予吉祥、长寿的寓意。“采菊东篱下”是为了食取菊花的保健功效以健康,“悠然见南山”也照应了“寿比南山”之意。  可见,古代是以菊花祝福或赞赏活者;而今则是用其悼念故人。其实,菊花以至任何花木的含义都是人们赋予的,而且文化习惯也在不断地改变着;在这个推崇个性的时代,我们更是需要独立思考和自主选择。

回答2:

菊花菊花历来被视为孤标亮节、高雅傲霜的象征,代表着名士的斯文与友情。菊花因其在深秋不畏秋寒开放,深受中国古代文人的喜欢。 菊花:清净、高洁、长寿 、吉祥 、我爱你、真情 菊花(红):喜恋 菊花(白):诚实君子 菊花(黄):失恋 翠菊:追想、可靠的爱情、请相信我 春菊:为爱情占卜 六月菊:别离 冬菊:别离 法国小菊:忍耐 瓜叶菊:快乐 波斯菊:野性美 大波斯菊:少女纯情,坚强 万寿菊:友情 矢车菊:纤细、优雅 麦秆菊:永恒的记忆、刻画在心 鳞托菊:永远的爱]

回答3:

肛门尔!]

回答4:

寄托哀思,怀恋故人。]

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