讲史话本有什么特点?

2025-04-08 05:37:24
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

讲史话本比起史书来更多一些民主性和反抗性,且能在尊重史实的基础上进行加工创作,正像鲁迅所评:“讲史之体,是叙史实而杂以虚辞”,“大抵史上大事,即无发挥,一涉细故,便多增饰。”(《中国小说史略》)为了表达鲜明的爱憎和积极的愿望,平话还往往把历史人物理想化、类型化,因而富有一定的浪漫性和较强的感染力,正像苏轼《东坡志林》卷六所记:“涂巷中小儿薄劣,为其家所厌苦,辄与钱,令聚坐听古话”,他们在听三国故事时“闻玄德败,颦蹙有出涕者;闻曹操败,即喜唱快。”又像刘克庄《田舍即事》所赞那样:“儿女相携看市优,纵横楚汉割鸿沟。山河不暇为渠惜,听到虞姬直是愁。”但讲史话本在人物形象的刻画上不如小说话本,语言也较粗糙。即使如此,它们在文学史上的地位也不容忽视,许多重要的长篇历史小说都是从这些话本发展而来,如《水浒传》即由《花和尚》、《武行者》等平话及《大宋宣和遗事》而来,《三国演义》即由《三国志平话》而来,《封神演义》即由《武王伐纣平话》而来。

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