动词过去式形式和中文意思

2025-02-26 23:43:28
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

1) 规则变化 

一般在动词原形后加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
look looked looked [lukt] 
call called called [kC:ld]
open opened opened [5EupEnd]
need needed needed [ni:did]

①-ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕,
在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,
在元音后发音也为[d] 
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id] 
③但fix的过去式和过去分词x不双写为fixed. 

以-e结尾的动词加-d 

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
move moved moved [mu:vd]
phone phoned phoned [fEund]
hope hoped hoped [hEupt]
agree agreed greed [E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed 

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
study studied studied [stQdid]
carry carried carried [kArid]
try tried tried [traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 
play played played [pleid]
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed [in5dVCid]
stay stayed stayed [steid] 

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,
双写该辅音字母,再加-ed 

动词原形 过去式 过去分词
stop stopped stopped [stCpt]
plan planned planned [plAnd]
fit fitted fitted [5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,再加-ed

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 
prefer preferred preferred [prI`f:d] 
refer referred referred [ri5fE:] 

2) 不规则变化 
英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。

1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。 

cut(切) 
hit(打) 
cast(扔) 
hurt(伤害) 
put(放) 
let(让) 
shut(关) 
cost(花费) 
set(放) 
rid(清除) 

2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。 

动词原形 过去式 过去分词 
find(找到) found found
pay(支付) paid paid
leave(离开) left left
lend(借出) lent lent
meet(遇见) met met
keep(保持) kept kept 
lose( 丢失) lost lost
teach(教) taught taught
sit(坐) sat sat
lead(引导) led led
win(赢)除) won won

3.动词原形与过去分词同形 

原形 过去式 过去分词 
come(来) came come 
run(跑) ran run 
become(成为) became become

4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。 

原形 过去式 过去分词 
give(给) gave given
fly(飞) flew flown 
drink(喝) drank drunk
see(看见) saw seen
go(去) went gone
know(知道) knew known
wear(穿) wore worn
speak(说) spoke spoken 

5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式 

原形 过去式 过去分词 
burn(燃烧) burned burnt burned burnt 
learn(学习) learned learnt learned learnt 
smell(闻) smelled smelt smelled smelt 
spell (拼写) spelled spelt spelled spelt 
shine (照射) shined shone shined shone 
leap (跳) leaped leapt leaped leapt 

回答2:

英语中动词过去形式,表现的是动作的状态,标示已完成,发在在过去,意思不变,写法会有变化

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