拉伸(压缩)试验中,在线弹性变形阶段,应力与应变成正比,直线的斜率为:tgα = σ/ε = E ,可将式写成 σ = Eε,这就是胡克定律。其中σ —— 应力(MPa),ε —— 应变(无单位),E——材料的拉(压)弹性模量(MPa)。胡克定律得另外一种表达形式:Δl = (N×l)/(E×A),其中Δl——拉(压)杆的纵向绝对变形(mm),N —— 轴力(N),A ——横截面积(mm),l —— 杆长(mm)。有些书上将式Δl = (N×l)/(E×A)称为胡克定律,将 σ = Eε 称为另外一种表达形式。
拉伸(压缩)试验中,在线弹性变形阶段,应力与应变成正比,直线的斜率为:tgα = σ/ε = E ,可将式写成 σ = Eε,这就是胡克定律。其中σ —— 应力(MPa),ε —— 应变(无单位),E——材料的拉(压)弹性模量(MPa)。胡克定律得另外一种表达形式:Δl = (N×l)/(E×A),其中Δl——拉(压)杆的纵向绝对变形(mm),N —— 轴力(N),A ——横截面积(mm),l —— 杆长(mm)。有些书上将式Δl = (N×l)/(E×A)称为胡克定律,将 σ = Eε 称为另外一种表达形式。In tension (compression) test, the stress is proportional to the strain at the stage of linear elastic deformation, and the slope of the line is tg α = σ / ε = E. The formula can be written as σ = E ε, which is called Hooke's law. Among them, σ-stress (MPa), ε-strain (without unit), E-tensile (compressive) elastic modulus of materials (MPa). Another expression of Hooke's law is Δ l = (N * l) / (E * A) in which Δ l-longitudinal absolute deformation (mm), N-axial force (N), and A-cross-sectional area (mm). L-Rod Length (mm). Some books refer to Δ l = (N * l) / (E * A) as Hooke's Law and σ = E ε as another form of expression.
如图
如图
剪力,就是根部分和尖端,一个是合力最大值,一个其实就是零了