什么是血清碳酸氢盐(HCO3)

2025-02-02 00:51:26
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

血清碳酸氢盐,是指血清中的酸式盐,含有碳酸氢根离子。

血液中含有碳酸-碳酸氢根组成的缓冲溶液,以抵御大幅度的pH值变化,为酶等生物分子维持适宜的酸碱度。

碳酸氢盐是由胰腺小导管上皮细胞分泌的。细胞内含有丰富的碳酸酐酶,可催化CO₂和H₂O结合形成碳酸,后者又解离出碳酸氢根离子,其浓度可达140mmo/L,比血浆浓度高5倍。

碳酸氢盐主要生理作用是:

(1)中和进入十二指肠的胃酸,保护肠黏膜免受强酸的侵蚀;

(2)为小肠内多种消化酶的活性提供适宜的pH环境。



扩展资料

碳酸氢盐的性质为:

1、溶解性

所有碳酸氢盐都溶于水,ⅠA族的碳酸盐溶解度大于碳酸氢盐,原因是HCO³⁻在水溶液中通过氢键形成双聚或多聚离子。

碳酸氢盐的溶解性有两种情况:

(1)难溶性碳酸盐对应的碳酸氢盐都有较大的溶解度,如碳酸钙与碳酸氢钙;

(2)易溶的碳酸盐对应的碳酸氢盐都有相对较低的溶解度,如碳酸钠与碳酸氢钠。

2、热稳定性

碳酸氢盐热稳定性差,受热易分解。

碳酸盐的热稳定性有一定的规律性。根据组成碳酸盐的阳离子的不同,碳酸盐的热稳定性顺序一般可表示为碱金属碳酸盐 > 碱土金属碳酸盐 > 过渡金属碳酸盐。

3、水解性

碳酸氢盐在水溶液中水解显碱性。碳酸盐的水解作用产生碳酸根,碳酸氢根,氢氧根离子,当其他金属离子遇到可溶性碳酸盐溶液时,会生成3种不同的沉淀:碳酸盐、碱式碳酸盐或氢氧化物。

参考资料来源:百度百科--碳酸氢盐

参考资料来源:百度百科--胰液

回答2:

血清碳酸氢盐(HCO3)是一种带负电微粒,叫做碳酸氢根,典型的含有碳酸氢根的物质有碳酸氢钠,碳酸氢钙等。

H2CO3(碳酸)=HCO3 -(碳酸氢根) + H+ (氢离子)
H+是酸性,HCO3 -是碱性,但在人体内主要是缓冲对中:
人体血浆里最重要的缓冲体系是碳酸氢盐缓冲体系是
H2CO3= H+ + HCO3-
pH= pKa + lg〔HCO3-〕/〔H2CO3〕
在正常血浆中,〔HCO3-〕∶〔CO2〕= 20∶1
pH=6.10+lg20/1=7.40
人体各组织、细胞代谢产生的CO2,主要通过血红蛋白和氧合血红蛋白的运输作用,被迅速运到肺部排出,故几乎不影响血浆的pH,当产生比CO2酸性更强的酸(如磷酸、硫酸、乙酸等)时,血液中HCO3-/ CO2缓冲对便发挥缓冲作用,其中HCO3-可与代谢产生或外合产生CO2和H2O.增加的CO2大部分从肺部排出或通过血浆中蛋白质缓冲对和与之作用,使〔CO2〕降低;减少的HCO3-可通过肾脏进行调节而得到补充,从而使
〔HCO3-〕,〔CO2〕和〔HCO3-〕/〔CO2〕都恢复正常.当人体新陈代谢过程中产生的碱进入血液时,血液中的H3O+便立即与它结合生成水.H3O+的消耗有H2CO3的解离来补充,结果也使血液的pH 保持稳定。

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