推荐回答(1个)
周培公吧,确有其人。
周培公,清朝一代儒将,自封为善败将军,运筹帷幄,决胜千里。在灭察哈尔、降王辅臣、征吴三桂等战役中纵横捭阖,立有不世功勋。周培公的一生,也是跌宕起伏,与大清国、康熙朝紧密相连,既有幸运,更有不幸;后人观之,感慨不已。
其一,生当其时,病不逢时。周培公成长的时代,正是大清朝山雨欲来、危机四伏之时。三藩叛乱,南方半壁江山几乎不保。这样的乱世,对黎民百姓来说是生灵涂炭。对周培公来说,却造就了他施展才干的舞台。率领三万八旗家奴仅用十二天的时间,就消灭了察哈尔王的叛军;奇计百出,火烧虎墩,将王辅臣引以为豪的天堑一举攻下;一身是胆,孤身入平凉,以三寸不烂之舌驳得汪士荣口吐鲜血、倒地而亡,使王辅臣心甘情愿而降;威慑吴三桂,从甘陕压向云南,导致吴三桂众叛亲离、急怒攻心、一病不起、呜呼哎哉。周培公虽生当其时,但自入冰天雪地的盛京后,水土不服,卧床不起。康熙后来西征葛尔丹,想重新起用周培公,无奈此时的周培公心有余力不足,身体情况已决定他无法纵横疆场、马革裹尸。能为康熙所做的,就是举荐贤将“瞌睡虫”——飞扬古挂帅,将自己绘制的《清全图》献与康熙,建议康熙早早屯粮,在延安、榆林等地设卫设厅,专筹粮草。他的远见卓识在康熙御驾亲征葛尔丹之时,全都应验。时人佩服之余,更惋惜他因病无法带兵出征;也许周培公带兵,仗打得会更顺利些,损失会更少一些,这是周培公人生的一大遗憾。
其二,虽逢贤君,未逢贤臣。周培公能脱颖而出,离不开康熙的慧眼识才、着力栽培。想当年,周培公不过是沦落京师的落榜举子,衣食无着,彷徨无依。康熙微服私访路遇周培公,交谈之下,发现周培公文韬武略,将天下大势分析的一清二楚,乃不可多得的出将入相之才。康熙破格授周培公兵部主事衔,参赞军务,后又提拔周培公正二品。正是有了康熙的不拘一格选人才,周培公才一展鸿鹄之志,成为一时风云人物。可惜,周培公虽遇上少有的明主,却又遇上了索额图、明珠等一番心怀鬼胎、明争暗斗的大臣同僚。他们见康熙如此赏识周培公,自然想方设法拉拢周培公。无奈周培公出淤泥而不染,不屑与这些人为伍。于是乎,周培公得罪了最有权势的两大阵营,厄运随之降临。周培公身上带有帝师伍次友写给明珠的举荐信,但周培公宁可直中取、不想曲中求,不肯拜见明珠,明珠因此忌恨周培公。后来他想法设法将周培公的恋人锁儿提前许配给何桂柱,导致周培公和锁儿一生伤心。索额图拉周培公入太子党不成,也是经常向康熙进谗言。在这些人的诋毁中伤下,最终周培公赴苦寒之地任职,疾病缠身、郁郁而终。
其三,才居人上,位居人下。周培公才高八斗、无书不读、学问渊博、口若悬河,文能治国,武能安邦,康熙满朝文武中,周培公是唯一的文韬武略兼备者,冠绝群臣。纵使以才华自负的高士奇,在他面前也是心服口服。但由于周培公才华过高、一身傲骨,加上又是汉人,遭到众大臣的弹劾,于是周培公到死也没有进上书房,职务一直在索额图、明珠、高士奇等人之下,一辈子也没有当上丞相。这还不算,即使在带兵打仗过程中,周培公也不过是个副将,主将是满人图海。图海是个将才,周培公却是难得的帅才,这样的搭配在历史上也是难得一见、奇哉怪也。虽然图海对周培公很是尊重并言听计从,但无论如何平叛的首功是落不到他周培公身上的了,要是万一征战中有什么过错,倒是有可能由他承担。明珠在周培公大军未出征之前,就向康熙奏了一本,说周培公军律中没有禁止劫掠民财一条,只是后来仗打的顺利,别人再没有进谗言的机会。否则,周培公真有可能“出师未捷身先死、长使英雄泪满襟”。
其四,功成名就,鸟尽弓藏。周培公在大清朝风雨飘摇、大厦将倾之时,力挽狂澜,披荆斩棘,挽救了大清摇摇欲坠的江山,使大清的国祚得以延长近二百年。周培公在大清的历史上抒写了极为辉煌的一页,彪炳千古,高山仰止。只可惜,飞鸟尽、良弓藏,狡兔死、走狗烹,周培公也未能走出这个悲剧。周培公盛名之下,大臣们不断上书弹劾他可能要谋反、做吴三桂第二,此时的康熙会怎么想?历史证明康熙是一个乾坤独断、刚毅决断的君主,他是不会轻易相信大臣的奏折的。可康熙最终还是按照大臣们的意愿,将周培公发配盛京任提督。这是一个一石二鸟的安排,一方面可以利用周培公的才干对抗罗刹国,另一方面盛京是康熙的老家、大清龙兴之地,可以牢牢地监视周培公。从来勇略震主者身危,而功盖天下者不赏,康熙的气魄未能超过勾践、刘邦,周培公的结局同文种、韩信相比,也不过是仅仅保住性命而已。
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