定语从句that和which的区别

　　which和that的区别：
　　1、只用which,不用that的情况。
　　1)which可用在非限制性定语从句中。例如：
　　The project,which lasted four years,cost one billion dollars.这项工程历时四年，耗资十亿美元。
　　2)which可用前置介词宾语。例如：
　　This is the house in which we lived three years ago.这是我们三年前住过的那所房子。
　　2、只用that，不用which的情况。
　　1)that相当于关系副词when,where,why,in the way＝in which。例如：
　　I'll never forget the Monday that /when you first arrived.我将永远不会忘记你初到的那个星期一！
　　Do you know anywhere that I can get fruit?
　　你知道我能在哪里买到水果吗？
　　I like the place for the very reason that/why you dislike it.我喜欢那地方的原因，恰恰是你不喜欢它的原因。
　　He doesn't see things the way that /in which we see them.他看问题跟我们不一样。
　　2)that既可指物，也可指人。例如：
　　The people that worked on the project made a good effort.从事那项工程的人们做了很大努力。
　　3)当主句以here,there开头时，常用that。例如：
　　Here is the place that you've been looking for.这就是你一直找的地方。
　　4)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，常用that。例如：
　　The first(thing)that should bed one is to get the book.应该做的第一件事是弄到那本书。
　　This is the best place that I've ever visit-ed.这是我曾参观过的最好的地方。
　　5)当先行词是all,anything,nothing(something除外),none,little,much时，常用that。例如：
　　Is this all that's left?这就是剩下的所有东西吗？
　　Have you got anything that belongs tome?你有没有拿过属于我的东西？
　　6)当先行词被no,little,only,very,the last等修饰时，常用that。例如：
　　The only thing that could be done is to find
　　our way home.唯一能做的事情就是要找到回家的路。
　　7)当先行词是两个或两个以上的词分别表示人和物时用that。例如：
　　They talked about the teachers and the schools that they knew.他们谈到了他们熟悉的老师和学校。
　　8)在以which，who开头的句子中常用that。例如：
　　Which is the car that killed the man?撞死那个男子的小车是哪一辆？
　　9)time是先行词时，前面如有序数词或last修饰时，定语从句只能用that引导或省略。例如：
　　This is the last time(that)I shall give you a letter.
　　The first time(that)I saw him was last year.

that与which的用法区别
两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：
1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which：
例：The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous.
水流湍急，使这条河很危险。
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
他得在星期天工作，他是不喜欢这样的。
The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。

2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which：
例：She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her.
她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
他们找寻的文件已找到了。
This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送来一些波尔图葡萄酒，为此我得向你道谢。
注：有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构：
例：He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study.
他只有漫漫长夜可用来学习。
He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself.
他只有一两把手枪用来自卫。

3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that：
例：All that she lacked was training.
她缺的只是训练。
Have you everything that you need?
你需要的东西都有了吗?
The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him.
这位酣睡的人头脑的下意识能记住他周围的人说的话。
She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.
她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。

4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that：
例：This is the only example that I know.
我知道的例子只有这一个。
Those are the very words that he used.
那是他的原话。

5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that：
例：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used.
这是我用过的最好的词典。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.
你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。

6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that：
China is not the country (that) it was.
中国已不是过去的中国了。

7. 当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that：
例：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them.
他们谈论了使他们印象最深的人和事。

8. 当要避免重复时用that：
Which is the course that we are to take?
我们选哪门课程?

　　定语从句中 which\ that 的用法与区别如下：

　　修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分

　　使用that的情况：

　　1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。

　　e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me?

　　2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。

　　e.g. I have some books that are very good.

　　3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。

　　e.g. This is the first book that I bought myself.

　　The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.

　　4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时

　　e.g. Which is the bike that you lost?

　　Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting.

　　5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.

　　China is no longer the country that she was.

　　6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that .

　　Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen
before.

　　7.在there be句型中,只用that.

　　He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject.

　　8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。

　　e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.

　　9.当先行词又有人又有物时。

　　e.g. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw.

　　只能使用which的情况。

　　1、非限制性定语从句中。

　　e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious.

　　2、在介词之后。

　　e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man.

　　3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。

　　e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.

定语从句中that和which的用法怎么区分