美国人学中文究竟难在哪里?

2025-02-11 16:15:06
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

近来读到这样一段文字:“中文有它天生的优越性,它是以单字为基础,可以组词,可以无限组合,组成新词,非常高效率,只要认识2000汉字,基本上就可以看大部分文章.而象英语,想完全看懂时代周刊,大约需要20000的单词量,非常愚蠢.”
看到这样的说法,让我不仅莞尔一笑.本人是训练美国白领学中文的职业中文老师,试想如果学中文真的象这位国人讲的这样易如反掌,我们这些中文老师都可以解甲归田了.
其实外国人学中文的难度一点都不亚于中文人学英文,要学会那2000汉字,谈何容易!对他们而言,学中文要跨越的第一个障碍便是中文的“四声.”因为英文的一个“NO”字,不管你用什么声调来读,读来读去意思都一样;而中文的“马”字,用不同的声调来读,就成了“妈,麻,马,骂.”所以同样一个中文拼音,如“FA,””ZHONG,”同音同调的就已有无数不同意义的汉字,而同音不同调的又可以读出多少不同意义的汉字?而每一个不同声调所代表的不同汉字都是要靠大脑去死记硬背的,用算数来加一加,乘一乘,背汉字会不会比背英文更简单?更不要说叫美国人去区分二声和三声所代表的不同汉字,这些连中国的南方人都搞不太清楚的读音规则.
除了同音不同调代表不同意义汉字的难度之外,美国人学中文的另一大障碍便是写汉字.在我以前的文章里我就曾力主汉字简化,简化,再简化.英文无论一个词有多么长,但组成词的字母就只有26个字母.只要掌握了读音规则,根据读音大致就可以写出英文单词.
而汉字的偏旁部首非常的繁杂,象“谢,”“管,”“庭,”这些字对美国人来讲,要学会其规律,要记住其写法,都有相当大的难度.所以在美国主流书店里流行的中文教材,大多都全部采用了拼音教学法,即把所有汉字都转换成拼音.在有的中文教科书里,通书都找不到一个汉字,全是拼音.
一个民族有一个民族的语言,无所谓优劣之分.语言说到底就是人类交流的一种工具,怎样交流起来比较方便就采用什么语言.中国人与中国人之间,当然是用中文交流起来比较顺当,当然就用中文.就象我们在海外的华人家庭,父母是中国人的,他们彼此之间讲话时一定是用中文;而当中国人与美国人之间交流时,当然是用英文比较方便,自然而然就讲英文.这也就象我们华人父母在跟他们的ABC孩子讲话时,大多时候都是讲英文一样.

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