《积雨辋川庄作》和《登江中孤屿》的主旨是什么?这两首诗上的内容有什么相似之处?

求中文大大救救!
2025-02-27 01:50:00
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

相似处有二,一是两个诗人仕途中都怀才不遇,既不愿同流合污,又感到自己对现实无能为力,出路就只剩下寄情山水或田园,跳出是非圈子这一途了。
再者,两名诗人都有信仰,王维信佛,谢灵运崇道,都想藉由信仰超脱凡尘政治琐事,索性归隐去了。
1.积雨辋川庄作,积雨辋川庄〈一有上字〉作〈一作秋归辋川庄作〉。
作者:王维
全唐诗·卷128,作品收录於:《唐诗三百首》
全诗:
「积雨空林烟火迟,蒸藜炊黍饷东菑。
漠漠水田飞白鹭,阴阴夏木啭黄鸝。
山中习静观朝槿,松下清斋折露葵。
野老与人争席罢,海鸥何事更相疑。」
此诗是王维后期的作品。王维后期的诗,主要写隐居终南山、辋川的闲情逸致的生活。《旧唐书·王维传》记载:“维兄弟俱奉佛,居常蔬食,不茹荤血,晚年长斋,不衣文彩。”由于家庭环境的影响,他早年就信奉佛教,贬官济州时已经有了隐居思想的萌芽。再加上张九龄罢相、李林甫上台的政局变化,他渐渐觉得仕途生活压抑、黑暗,理想也随之破灭。
《积雨辋川庄作》是唐代诗人王维山水田园诗中的名篇,被选入清代蘅塘退士编的《唐诗三百首》。此诗描写辋川山庄久雨初停时的景色,前四句写诗人静观所见,后四句写诗人的隐居生活。诗人把自己幽雅清淡的禅寂生活与辋川恬静优美的田园风光结合起来描写,创造了一个物我相惬、情景交融的意境。
2.登江中孤屿
朝代:南北朝
作者:谢灵运
原文:
「江南倦历览,江北旷周旋。
怀新道转迥,寻异景不延。
乱流趋孤屿,孤屿媚中川。
云日相晖映,空水共澄鲜。
表灵物莫赏,蕴真谁为传。
想象昆山姿,缅邈区中缘。
始信安期术,得尽养生年。」
首四句写诗人游江北探寻新异胜境的急切心情。谢灵运於头年因受排挤而出任永嘉太守,《宋书》本传说他「既不得志,遂肆意游遨,遍历诸县,动逾旬朔。」永嘉诸景,不到一年便已历览,江南无新奇之地,而永嘉江北岸的奇山异水,诗人一年前赴任时只是匆匆路过,不遑周游,自不免向往,因而产生探寻新奇胜景的急切之情。唯其急切,故反觉道路迥远,时间易逝难延。由发现孤屿的惊喜到对其美景的描绘,因为突然发现了江中孤屿,诗人便截流横渡十分迅疾,那孤岛巍然耸立江中,是多麼妍美悦人。锺惺《古诗归》说「以丽情密藻,发其胸中奇秀,有骨、有韵、有色。」锺嵘《诗品》谓「名章迥句,处处间起,丽典新声,络绎奔会。」通过感叹联想寄托了诗人怀才不遇和厌世嫉俗的孤愤,即蕴藏自然意趣,此等山水皆为表现天地的灵秀神异之气,然而世人却不知欣赏它的价值。接着,诗人又驰骋飘逸的想像,由江屿的灵秀联想到那昆仑山的仙灵,顿觉自己离世间尘缘之事是那样遥远,彷佛遗世独立一般。最後诗人终於相信了,领悟了安期生的长生之道,从此可以安心养生、以终天年了。诗人在这一段中,触景生情而又缘情造境,神思逸荡,理趣横生,故虽是议论,却仍然意象飞动,而不觉其枯燥,可以说是情、景、理三者妙合无痕了。

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