一一一一::::there be 句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识句型基本认识 1、 定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。 2、结构:(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语. 注意事项注意事项注意事项注意事项:::: there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如: ① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。 二二二二:::: there be 句型的常考点句型的常考点句型的常考点句型的常考点 考点一考点一考点一考点一::::各种句型转化各种句型转化各种句型转化各种句型转化。。。。 1::::变成否定变成否定变成否定变成否定 There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如: There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree. 2::::变成一般疑问句变成一般疑问句变成一般疑问句变成一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。 There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water? 3::::特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what 引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如: There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问:则用where 引导。如: There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? 对数量提问对数量提问对数量提问对数量提问::::般有两种句型结构: How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语? 考点二考点二考点二考点二::::there be 句型的时态句型的时态句型的时态句型的时态。。。。 be可以有现在时(there is/are)、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been);还可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等。 如: ---There ______ a concert this evening.
There be是个存在句结构,have 的存在句助于为人,表“拥有。占有”。
而There be可表示‘有’的状态,是一种存在。举个例子说,There are three children playing under the tree.
There be只用于句首,其中 be动词的单复数由最靠近它的名词决定,e.g.There is a kite and many birds in the sky.
There are three children and an old man on the squre.
当出现There be表“有”时,就不能再用have/has/had等表示“有”。
There be没有被动时态。
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