推荐回答（2个）
SAP (APO)是mySAP SCM 解决方法中的非常重要的计划类组件。 APO是advanced planner and optimizer(高级计划优化器)的缩写。它是SAP产品中最大的组件之一。 APO是整套的用于提高供应链，供应预测，计划，优化的整体知识的供应链计划应用。SAP APO包括了八个等级，分别是network design（网络设计）, supply network planning（供应网络计划）, demand planning（需求计划）, production planning and detailed scheduling（生产计划和详细调度）, transportation planning （运输计划）and vehicle scheduling（运输调度）, global availabilty and supply chain collaboration（全球可用性和供应链协作）。
SAP APO其实不是一个单独可以运行的程序，它实际是需要ERP系统的后台支持，比方说在SAP R/3中执行。 SAP R/3 通过可以实时支持主数据(master data)和交易数据(transaction data) 的APO Core Interface中心接口和APO系统进行通信。这种基于SAP R/3 后台的和APO的实时通信，以及所有和生产，销售，供应的数据都可以不经过任何批处理直接快捷的从一个系统传递到另外一个系统。
一楼说的很清楚，补充一下我的认识：
APO应该是R/3里面的计划的高级形态，一般来说，APO和R/3(或是ECC）都是独立的系统，系统之间通过CIF通信，APO的大部分基本数据都由CIF传过来的，而且是单向的，以保证数据的一致性。在APO里，以R/3(或ECC）传过来的数据基础之上，又会增加许多APO独有的参数，以支持在APO里面的高级的计划功能。所有的计划出来的结果，又会实时地传回到R/3(ECC)里面。既APO仅仅是一个功能详细强大的计划工具，计划的结果还是要在R/3(ECC)里面处理。
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