一般过去时总结1.定义 表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,可能是一次,也可能是经常的2.构成 :1)be –was, were 2)实意动词用过去式来表示, 没有人称和数的变化句型转换 1)was, were 提前或直接加 not 2)实意动词加did或didn't(动词改为原形)3.一般过去时的用法 1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3)句型: It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事' I'd rather you came tomorrow.4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。比较: 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义:她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义:她现在还活着) Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。) Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. ( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去) 注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.2)情态动词 could, would. Could you lend me your bike?
一、一般过去时的概念:
一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last night昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,等。
二、一般过去时的结构:(可分4类不同的结构)
1.Be动词的一般过去时
(1)在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were
(2)肯定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + 其它.
I was very shy two years ago.
(3)否定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它.
I was not very shy two years ago.
(4)一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它?
Were you very shy two years ago?
注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。
2. 实义动词的一般过去时态
肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did.
肯定句式:主语 + 动词(过去式)+ 其它
I ate breakfast 2 hours ago.
否定句式:主语 + didn’t + 动词(原形)+ 其它 【did not = didn’t】
I did not eat breakfast 2 hours ago.
一般疑问句:Did + 主语+ 动词(原形)+ 其它【do , does的过去时均为did】?
Did you eat breakfast 2 hours ago?
注:did和didn’t 是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形。
3. 情态动词的一般过去时态
含有情态动词的一般过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察。
肯定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + 其它.
She could sing well when she was young.
否定句式:主语 + 情态动词 + not + 其它.
She could not sing well when she was young.
一般疑问句:情态动词 + 主语 + 其它?
Could she sing well when she was young?
注:情态动词的过去式:can→could , may→might , must→must ,will-would,should-should.
4.特殊疑问句式:
特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他?
特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?
特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他?
What was your former name? 你以前叫什么名字?
Why was he late for school last Monday? 上星期一他为什么迟到?
What could she do twenty years ago? 20年前她能做什么?
三、 一般过去时的判断标志词
yesterday , the day before yesterday , last + 时间 , this morning
时间 + ago , just now , a moment ago , in + 过去的时间 .
四、规则动词的过去式
1.一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed。
look→looked play→played start→started visit→visited
2.以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d。
live→lived use→used
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词,先将 y 改为i ,再加 –ed。
study→studied try→tried fly→flied
4.以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned prefer→preferred
5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。
五、 一般过去时的基本用法
1.表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
He suddenly fell ill last night.
他昨晚突然病倒了。
2.表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作。常和often经常,always总是,once a week一周一次,等表示频度的时间状语连用。
She went to the cinema once a month when she was at school.
她上学时每个月去看一场电影。
When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside.
我在乡下时经常在河边散步。
概念: 表示过去了的动作或事件。表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下:
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:
worked played wanted acted
(2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:
lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:
studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如:
stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go - went,make - made, get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was, are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat. 一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。
时间标志:yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), last month(上个月), last year(去年), two months ago(两个月前), the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年), in those days (在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语。
如: I was born in 1990. (我出生在1990年)。
When did you go to the park? (你是什么时候去的公园)。
I went to the park last week. (我是上周去的公园)
在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。
1. Be 动词的一般过去时态
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.
构成:肯定句:主语+was (were) +宾语
如:I was late yesterday. (昨天我迟到了。)
否定句:主语+was (were) +not+宾语
如:We weren't late yesterday. (我们昨天没迟到)
疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+宾语
如: Were you ill yesterday? (你昨天病了吗?)
肯定回答: Yes, I was. (是的,我病了。)
否定句: No, I wasn't. (不,我没病。)
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+宾语
如:When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的?