Because of the ethnic population, economic and military strength and cultural development level differences in language contact conditions, according to the language of the relative social hierarchy of participants, can be divided into different languages (surface), upper adstractum superstratum) and bottom language (language (substratum) three types. Reputation is roughly equivalent of two kinds of language and language contact surface (adstratal relationship), the two languages differ reputation for upper language contact (superstratal relationship) or (substratal bottom language relationship). The three relationships are reflected in the history of English vocabulary to borrow, because in Scandinavia and native English national equality and mutual intermarriage, in Scandinavia language and English languages, both in the surface layer and the status of language under the relationship that the vocabulary phrases, such as Japanese borrow more of the disease, "borrow" word, the popularity of the two languages levels, or contact form, or upper language form bottom, sogdian often reflects the language in the language of the society, such as the English language level from the domination of the time in the upper language Norman French words of borrowing mostly in court, religion, society, and then the aspects from the bottom is affiliated status in the Indian languages borrow words are endemic plants and animals, and now the name of more than half the states of American Indian languages are from Arizona, such as Arkansas Arizona, Arkansas, Illinois, etc.
这么长的文章 一分都不给 你知道就算是达人 翻译这样的文章得多少时间么??? 抠死你!
就是 很扣门啊此人
我就算会也不帮你