推荐回答(3个)
掌握虚拟语气,最基本的是掌握条件状语从句中的虚拟语气,而其基本则是以下三个虚拟语气的基本结构
①表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句谓语动词形式 谓语动词用一般过去式
主句谓语动词形式 (be用were) should/would+动词原形(过去将来时)
②表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句谓语动词形式 had+过去分词(过去完成时)
主句谓语动词形式 should/would+have+过去分词(现在完成将来时)(过去将来完成时)
③表示对将来情况的主观推测(可能相反或可能性很小)
从句谓语动词形式 If+主语+ ① should+动词原形 ② 谓语用动词过去式 ③were to do
主句谓语动词形式 A:should/would+动词原形 B:祈使句
注:
1.我认为以上主句中的情态动词都不可省。
2.句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称,同时也可根据意思用情态动词could(表示可以),might(表示可能)(can,may一般不用在虚拟语气中)
3.③中从句结构were to do比should+动词原形 可能性小
4.与将来事实相反的句中,只有条件状语从句用should时主句才能用B式的祈使句。
懂得了条件状语从句的虚拟,就可以推及许多的虚拟语气方面的知识,其中涉及到情态动词的归纳如下(可能不完整)
1.在表示建议、请求、主张、要求、命令等词语后的从句要用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。(我认为这时只能用should,不能用其它的情态动词)
2.在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“(should)+动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等。这时should意为“应该”、“竟然”,可以省去,但不可换用would。
3.(这点相当复杂,我都还没弄清楚,其中涉及到的不止情态动词内容,我认为挺有意思,全打出来了,就当一个了解吧)
It is time + we went to bed.(用过去式)
we were going to bed.(用过去进行时)
we should go to bed.(should加动词原形)
“It is (high) time (that) ...”意为“(现在)该……”,含有建议的意味。表示现在或将来,从句的谓语动词多用过去式或过去进行时态。在I/He/She/It后一般不用were,要用was。有时亦可should+动词原形,但should不能省略(如果省略了,变成从句用一般现在时,是不允许的)。有时可用could,但不能用would。
It is (high) time we left(should leave).
It is high time I was going.
It is about time your baby could walk.
说明:It's time后不接否定句。因此“It's high time we didn't stay.”是个错句,可改为“It's high time we left”“It's time (for sb.) to do sth.”是个常用句型。
4.当wish的主语就是宾语从句的主语时,宾语从句中应改用(could)
I wish I could be (不用would be) more energetic.
楼主说分不清对将来虚拟与现在虚拟,应该是指用法上面吧。其实两者是有相同之处的:1.从句都可以用一般过去式虚拟;2.主句都可以是should/would+动词原形。当然还是有区别的,如下:
1.从句方面:对将来的虚拟可以用should+动词原形,对现在的不行
2.主句方面:对将来的虚拟可以有were to do结构(前提是主句是should+动词原形),对现在的不行。
综上两点,对现在的虚拟结构较单一
若楼主是指时态判断不清楚,那就是时态问题了。时态是与虚拟语气关系密切的相关语法知识,唯有熟练掌握时态,才能掌握好虚拟语气。因此只能自己再去复习时态了
啊~~~~~很有成就感
在过去虚拟,现在虚拟,还有将来的虚拟时可以用WOULD ,COULD等词,在大多数情况下一般用WOULD 。在,IF ONLY,order suggest insist demand command request require advise 后一搬用should较多
even if
as if
wish
order suggest insist demand command request require advise 后面要加 sb. (should) do
现在虚拟式 从句是 were/did ,主句是would/might/should/could+do
将来虚拟式 从句是should do/were to do/did 主句是would/might/should/could+do
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