推荐回答(5个)
钠与水反应的现象:升温、爆燃和发光。
钠水反应(sodium-water reaction)是指钠与水或蒸汽接扰卖斗触时伴随有升温、爆燃和发光等现象的剧烈化学反应。
应用学科:电力(一级学科)、核电(二级学科)。
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扩展资料:
钠的发现简史:
伏特在19世纪初发明了电池后,各国化学家纷纷利用电池分解水成功。英国化学家戴维坚持不懈地从事于利用电池分解各种物质的实验研究。他希望利用电池将苛性钾分解为氧气和一种未知的“基”,因为当时化学家们认为苛性碱是氧缓磨化物。
他先用苛性钾(氢氧化钾)的饱和溶液实验,所得的结果却和电解水一样,只得到氢气和氧气。后来他改变实验方法,电解熔融的苛性钾,在阴极上出现了具有金属光泽的、类似水银的小珠,一些小珠立即燃烧并发生爆炸,形成光亮的火焰,还有一些小珠不燃烧,只是表面变暗,覆盖着一层白膜。
他把这种小小的金属颗粒投入水中,立即冒出火焰,在水面急速奔跃,发出刺刺的声音。就这样,戴维在1807年发现了金属钾,几天之后,他又从电解碳酸钠配扰中获得了金属钠。
参考资料来源:百度百科——钠水反应
钠与水反应的现象:
1、钠浮在水面上
2、钠在水面上迅速游动,并有轻微的嘶嘶声
3、钠融成一个小球
4、反应后溶液中滴入酚酞,变红
5、生成的气体可点燃,有爆鸣声
拓展资料:
钠与乙醇反应的现象:
1、钠下沉(钠的密度比乙醇的大)
2、有气泡出现,但无爆鸣声(有气体产兆知生,虽然该气体为氢气,但由于被乙醇隔绝,不与空气接触,不与氧气反应,故没罩禅有爆鸣声,1mol乙醇中的1mol-OH羟基上的氢参加了反应)
3、族闷消反应结束后,试管壁变热,但钠不熔化(反应放热,但热量没达到钠的熔点,反应慢,放热,羟基上的氢不如水活泼)
4、反应结束后往试管滴加酚酞,溶液变红(证明反应生成碱性物质(乙醇钠))2H3CH2OH+2Na==2H3CH2ONa+H2(气体)也叫取代反应(Na取代H)氧化反应(加氧去氢都叫氧化反应,生成H2)
金属钠和水反应的现象:浮、熔、游、响、红,即:金属钠浮在水面上、熔成闪亮的小球、四处游动、发出嘶嘶的响声、溶液变红(竖厅宽加酚酞)。
钠是一种金属元素,在周期余亮表中位于第3周期、第IA族,是碱金属元素的代表,质地柔软,能与水反应生成氢氧化钠,放出氢气,化学性质较活泼。钠元素以盐的形伏肆式广泛的分布于陆地和海洋中,钠也是人体肌肉组织和神经组织中的重要成分之一。
钠与水反应的现象:1、钠浮在水面上。2、钠在水面上迅速游动,并有轻微的嘶嘶声。3、钠融成一个小球。4、反应后溶液中滴入酚酞拆伏,变红桐李。5、生成的气体可点燃旅轮携,有爆鸣声。
金属钠和水反应拦枝生成氢气和氢氧化钠。两摩尔的钠和两摩尔的水反应生成1摩尔的氢气和两唤迟摩尔和衡李的氢氧化钠(两摩尔的氢氧根和两摩尔的钠离子)
1摩尔表示某纯净物的“物质的量”
1摩尔某物质就表示一定数量(是定值,叫阿伏加德罗常数)的该物质的组成粒子(可以是分子、离子和原子)
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