英语语法

1.less

a. 更少的,更小的
ad. 更少地,更小地
n. 更少,较少

比较级：littler or less also lesser , littlest or least
名 词：littleness
常用短语
less than
不到,不及,欠…

more or less
或多或少,大体上,基本上

2.more

1. (many, much的比较级)更多的;更高程度的[+(than)]
He has more chance than ever.
他从来没有这样的大好机会。
2. 另外的,附加的
If you still feel hungry, there is more food in the kitchen.
如果你还饿,厨房里还有东西。
pron.
1. 更多的数量;更多的人(或事物)[(+of/than)]
Instead of fewer accidents, there were more.
意外事故非但没有减少,反而增多了。
2. 额外的数目;另外的一些
ad.
1. (用以构成形容词或副词的比较级)更[(+than)]
His illness was more serious than the doctor first thought.
他的病情比医生原先所料的更严重。
2. (much的比较级)更多;更大程度地
You should sleep more than you do.
你应该有更多的睡眠。
3. 另外;再
They stayed there two days more.
他们在那里又呆了两天。
4. 而且

3.rather

rather可以做副词。
具体用法如下
[解题过程]
一、 用作程度副词,意为"稍微;有点;颇;相当"

1. rather可以修饰形容词、副词的原级、比较级等;可以与介词短语连用.如:
She was rather hurt by his unkind words.
She's rather better today.
She looks rather like her father.
These materials are rather too difficult for the seniors.
2. rather放在不定冠词a（n）前后均可.如:
Miss Smart has got a rather（=rather a） good voice.

二、 用作副词,意为"宁可,宁愿"

1. rather than意为"而不是;与其……不如", 后接名词、代词、形容词、动词原形等.如:
These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.
Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad， he sold them at half price.
It is he rather than I who is to blame.
2. would rather do...than do...=would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做…….如:
I would go there by bus rather than take the train.
3. prefer to do...rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…….如:
We prefer to receive money rather than the usual gifts.

三、 用作感叹词,意为"当然"
- Would you like a swim？
- Rather.

四、 习惯用语及搭配
1. or rather更确切， 更恰当； 更接近.如:
He went home very late last night， or rather， in the early hours this morning.
2. would rather意为"宁愿", 后接动词原形,其否定形式是would rather not do.如:
Which would you rather have， tea or coffee？
American young people would rather get advice from strangers.
3. I would rather that...这是虚拟语气形式,若从句表示与现在或将来的情况相反,用一般过去时;与过去的事实相反,用过去完成时.如:
I would rather you came tomorrow.
I'd rather you hadn't told her the news yesterday.

4.quite

quite的意思是“相当；完全地”，是一个副词，但它很特殊。它不但能修饰动词、形容词、副词、分词，还能修饰名词、介词短语等。
一、quite修饰形容词、副词等。例如：
She is quite right．她完全正确。
This is quite impossible．这是完全不可能的。
I know how to use the machine quite well．我完全知道怎么使用这台机器。
He worked quite hard．他工作很努力。
二、quite修饰名词。
1．当名词前没有形容词修饰时，quite要放在冠词前。例如：
quite a lot（许多），quite a time（很长一段时间），quite an effort（很大努力），quite a while（一段相当长的时间），quite a few（相当多），quite a little（相当多；大量的）
2．当名词前有形容词修饰时，quite可放在冠词前，也可放在冠词之后，但放在冠词之前较普遍。例如：
He is quite a clever boy．（较普遍）
或He is a quite clever boy．他是一个相当聪明的孩子。
三、quite与not连用，常构成“not quite”结构，表示部分否定，意思是“没有完全……”。例如：
She is not quite well．她没有完全康复。
I don't quite understand the problem．我并没有完全理解这道题。
四、“完全一样”要用exactly the same，不用quite the same。“不完全一样”可说not quite the same。
五、“完全赞同”可说quite agree，但反义一般不说quite disagree。