狙击枪瞄准镜上的十字线以及一些数据是怎样显示上去的
推荐回答（2个）
目标经过物镜objective lens在后焦点所在的平面成实像real image, 焦点所在平面称为焦平面 focal plane. 在焦平面放置一块刻有十字线的分划板reticle, 就可以使十字线的图像和目标的实像重叠, 眼睛看过去两者就在同一个平面.
旋转手轮, 就可以推动十字分划板上下左右移动, 从而修正弹着点偏差.
现代的瞄准镜光学系统是开普勒Kepler系统, 但只有2组凸透镜的开普勒系统只能成倒立实像. 为了得到正立的像, 我们需要添加一组镜片把图像翻转过来. 这组透镜称为"转像透镜"relay lenses, 因此就形成了前后2个焦平面, 因此开普勒瞄准镜大体又分2类.
如果分划板在前焦面1st focal plane, 那分划板的安装就是倒立的;
如果位于后焦面2nd focal plane, 分划板则是正立的.
我国部队喜欢用前焦面的, 但若果你买美国的镜子, 99%是后焦面的.
前焦面分划, 在变化倍率的情况下, 分划线的粗细也随着目标镜像一同变化, 所以能标密位点用于测距;
而后焦面的分划, 十字线始终不变, 变化倍率的情况下, 原有的密位关系就会变化, 是不能标划距离刻度的(固定倍率的除外), 但是后焦面分划安置空间较宽松, 设计制造都比较方便, 安置分划板照明装置也较容易, 而且整体结构更流畅, 更美观.
光学瞄准镜基本结构是物镜、倒象透镜和目镜，再加上分划板组成。分划板上有瞄准标记，通过移动分划板或使用不同位置的分划来瞄准不同距离的目标。有些瞄准镜还有变倍功能，用较低的倍率搜索和瞄准近距离的目标，用较高的倍率射击远距离的目标。
十字瞄准线是这类瞄准镜最普遍的分划，而早期的瞄准镜，也只有这一组十字线。后来制造者在分划板上加上用于测量射程和角度的分划，其原理很简单，都是通过分划标记与参照物的高度（或宽度）对比来估算出距离。
反射式红点瞄准镜也称光电瞄准具。它的物镜其实为一个同心球面，它的内表面镀上了一层半透明半反射膜。在物镜同心球面内侧放置一光源，光源发出一点红光经过半透明半反射膜之后一部分光反射入眼。当这一光源于目标光源成一直线如人眼后即构成瞄准。一般来说对于反射式内要求红点光源离开反射镜片的最小距离不能短于4.8cm，不然技术难点大幅上升。
通常的反射式瞄准镜多数没有放大倍率，也有少数国外品种带有放大倍率（由于少数就不展开说了）。反射式瞄准镜由于没有放大倍率所在瞄准时双眼可以同时观察，不影响瞄准时对外界情况的观察。并且反射式红点瞄准镜只要看到红点就可以瞄准，而与红点在镜内的位置无关，可以做到快速瞄准的效果。但他的缺点是对中远距离目标或者细小目标的精度不高。
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