英语音标中,辅音有说24个的,也有说28个的,区别在于说24个辅音的,是有学者把 dr, dz, tr, ts这四个音素归入“辅音连缀”。一般说来,因为这四个音连读后,形成新的声音,而不是两个辅音本身连起来的声音,所以作为独立的四个音素,形成28个辅音的说法。
辅音归类也有几种说法,一是分为三大类: 清辅音、浊辅音、其他辅音。另一种分类是按照发音部位划分成6类。
具体如下:
28个辅音
a. 10个清辅音
1. [p] put, apple
2. [t] tell, jumped
3. [k] king, cat
4. [f] father, photo
5. [θ] think, tooth
6. [s] sing, pass
7. [ts] its, pets
8. [tr] tree, street
9. [ʃ] shoe, special
10. [tʃ] chair, watch
b. 10个浊辅音
11. [b] bad, ribbon
12. [d] dad, bombed
13. [g] good, egg
14. [v] voice, save
15. [ð] this, mother
16. [z] zoo, news
17. [dz] words, friends
18. [dr] drive, hundred
19. [ʒ] pleasure, vision
20. [dʒ] join, magic
c. 8个其他辅音
21. [h] he, whole
22. [r] rose, sorry
23. [m] moon, summer
24. [n] not, funny
25. [ŋ] song, uncle
26. [l]/[ɫ] let, tell
27. [j] yet, yellow
28. [w] what, wet
辅音的6类:
a.爆破音: [p], [b], [t], [d], [k], [ɡ]
b.摩擦音: [f], [v], [θ], [ð], [s], [z], [∫], [ӡ], [h], [r]
c.破擦音: [t∫], [dӡ], [tr], [dr], [ts], [dz]
d.鼻音: [m], [n], [ŋ]
e.舌侧音: [l]
f.半元音 [j], [w]
21
B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z
b,p,d,t,tr,dr,th,f,v,m.n,k,g,s,l,r,h,j,z..没有WXY的