where的定语从句用法

　　where的定语从句用法 1

　　例1)I went to a small town. I met my boyfriend in that town.

　　在后面的简单句中，in that town是地点状语，所以可以用 where代替in that town，I met my boyfriend 放在先行词(也就是定语从句所修饰的词)town的后面。

　　I went to a small town where I met my boyfriend.我去了一个小镇，在那里我遇见了我的男朋友。

　　例2)I went to a small town. It is very quiet and peaceful .

　　这两句合成定语从句就是 it去掉，用which/that，来代替，定语从句which/that is very quiet and peaceful 来修饰先行词town.

　　I went to a small town which is very quiet and peaceful.

　　I went to a small town that is very quiet and peaceful.

　　为什么主句都一样，修饰的也是同一个先行词town，第一个就用连接词where，而第二个就用连接词which或that呢?在定语从句中，一定要弄清句子成分。

　　I met my boyfriend in that town. In that town 是做地点状语。

　　It is very quiet and peaceful. It 是做谓语动词is的主语。

　　所以例句1连接词where代替的是地点状语，in that town.例句2 连接词that或which是代替主语it，也就是town.

　　在定语从句中 where一定翻译在那里，然后再翻译定语从句，翻译完之后，感觉通顺，定语从句一定是一个完整的简单句。

　　例3)The street where the parade begins is Broadway.

　　那条街道是百老汇街，在那里开始了

　　在这个从句中，the parade begins 是一个完整的简单句，不缺宾语 因为begin是不及物动词。(以后会讲及物动词和不及物动词)。

　　例4)The site where the concert will take place is Golden Park.

　　那个地点是golden park，在那里举行音乐会。

　　练习：把下面几个句子补充完整。

　　1，we went to a hospital which___________________.(which 指代从句宾语)

　　We went to a hospital where _____________________.

　　We went to a hospital which______________________.(which指代从句主语)

　　2，Lisa cleaned the classroom where___________________.

　　Lisa cleaned the classroom that _____________________.

　　Lisa cleaned the classroom that __________________.

　　where的.定语从句用法 2

　　定语从句讲解：where的用法

　　关系副词where主要用于修饰表地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。如：

　　This is the village where he was born. 这就是他出生的村子。

　　That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。

　　Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.巴巴拉在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。

　　与前面when的情况一样，注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词，就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分——如果在定语从句中用作地点状语，就用where;如果在定语从句中不是用作地点状语，而是用作主语或宾语，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。如：

　　He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家电视机厂工作。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　定语从句的定义：

　　被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1)who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that you want to see?

　　他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)[1] He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3)which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)

　　The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1)when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

　　2)that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。