因式分解二十道题初二

2024-11-23 02:46:52
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

(1) 6x4y2-12x3y+27x2y3
=3x2y·2x2y-3x2y·4x+3x2y·9y2=3x2y(2x2y-4x+9y2)
(2)-x4y+x3y2-x2y3=-(x4y-x3y2+x2y3)
=-(x2y·x2-x2y·xy+x2y·y2)
=-x2y(x2-xy+y2)
(3)xn+3xn-1+xn-2=xn-2·x2+xn-2·3x+xn-2·1
=xn-2(x2+3x+1)
(4)5(x-y)3+10(y-x)2=5(x-y)3+10(x-y)2
=5(x-y)2(x-y+2)
(5)m(5ax+ay-1)-m(3ax-ay-1)
=m[(5ax+ay-1)-(3ax-ay-1)]
=m·(5ax+ay-1-3ax+ay+1)
=m(2ax+2ay)=2ma(x+y)
(6)x2+14x+49=x2+2·x·7+72
=(x+7)2
(7)(m+n)2-6(m+n)+9=(m+n-3)2
(8)-3ax2+6axy-3ay2=-3a(x2-2xy+y2)
=-3a(x-y)2
(9)(x2+4)2+8x(x2+4)+16x2
=(x2+4)2+2·(x2+4)·4x+(4x)2
=(x2+4+4x)2
=(x+2)4
(10)64m2n2-(m2+16n2)2
=(8mn)2-(m2+16n2)2
=(8mn+m2+16n2)(8mn-m2-16n2)
=(m+4n)2[-(m-4n)2]
=-(m+4n)2(m-4n)2

因式分解练虚烂习题

一、填空题:

2.(a-3)(3-2a)=_______(3-a)(3-2a);

12.若m2-3m+2=(m+a)(m+b),则a=______,b=______;

15.当m=______时,x2+2(m-3)x+25是完全平方式.
二、选择题:
1.下列各式的因式分解结果中,正确的是
[    ]
A.a2b+7ab-b=b(a2+7a)
B.3x2y-3xy-6y=3y(x-2)(x+1)
C.8xyz-6x2y2=2xyz(4-3xy)
D.-2a2+4ab-6ac=-2a(a+2b-3c)
2.多项式m(n-2)-m2(2-n)分解因式等于
[    ]
A.(n-2)(m+m2)             B.(n-2)(m-m2)
C.m(n-2)(m+1)            D.m(n-2)(m-1)
3.在下列等式中,属于因式分解的是
[    ]
A.a(x-y)+b(m+n)=ax+bm-ay+bn
B.a2-2ab+b2+1=(a-b)2+1
C.-4a2+9b2=(-2a+3b)(2a+3b)
D.x2-7x-8=x(x-7)-8
4.下列各式中,能用平方差公式分解因式的是
[    ]
A.a2+b2             B.-a2+b2
C.-a2-b2            D.-(-a2)+b2
5.此誉液若9x2+mxy+16y2是一个完全平方式,那么m的值是
[    ]
A.-12                     B.±24
C.12                       D.±12
6.把多项式an+4-an+1分解得
[    ]
A.an(a4-a)                    B.an-1(a3-1)
C.an+1(a-1)(a2-a+1)          D.an+1(a-1)(a2+a+1)
7.若a2+a=-1,则a4+2a3-3a2-4a+3的值为
[  森物  ]
A.8                     B.7
C.10                    D.12
8.已知x2+y2+2x-6y+10=0,那么x,y的值分别为
[    ]
A.x=1,y=3                   B.x=1,y=-3
C.x=-1,y=3                 D.x=1,y=-3
9.把(m2+3m)4-8(m2+3m)2+16分解因式得
[    ]
A.(m+1)4(m+2)2        B.(m-1)2(m-2)2(m2+3m-2)
C.(m+4)2(m-1)2        D.(m+1)2(m+2)2(m2+3m-2)2
10.把x2-7x-60分解因式,得
[    ]
A.(x-10)(x+6)             B.(x+5)(x-12)
C.(x+3)(x-20)             D.(x-5)(x+12)
11.把3x2-2xy-8y2分解因式,得
[    ]
A.(3x+4)(x-2)                B.(3x-4)(x+2)
C.(3x+4y)(x-2y)              D.(3x-4y)(x+2y)
12.把a2+8ab-33b2分解因式,得
[    ]
A.(a+11)(a-3)                B.(a-11b)(a-3b)
C.(a+11b)(a-3b)              D.(a-11b)(a+3b)
13.把x4-3x2+2分解因式,得
[    ]
A.(x2-2)(x2-1)                B.(x2-2)(x+1)(x-1)
C.(x2+2)(x2+1)                D.(x2+2)(x+1)(x-1)
14.多项式x2-ax-bx+ab可分解因式为
[    ]
A.-(x+a)(x+b)               B.(x-a)(x+b)
C.(x-a)(x-b)                 D.(x+a)(x+b)
15.一个关于x的二次三项式,其x2项的系数是1,常数项是-12,且能分解因式,这样的二次三项式是
[    ]
A.x2-11x-12或x2+11x-12
B.x2-x-12或x2+x-12
C.x2-4x-12或x2+4x-12
D.以上都可以
16.下列各式x3-x2-x+1,x2+y-xy-x,x2-2x-y2+1,(x2+3x)2-(2x+1)2中,不含有(x-1)因式的有
[    ]
A.1个                        B.2个
C.3个                        D.4个
17.把9-x2+12xy-36y2分解因式为
[    ]
A.(x-6y+3)(x-6x-3)
B.-(x-6y+3)(x-6y-3)
C.-(x-6y+3)(x+6y-3)
D.-(x-6y+3)(x-6y+3)
18.下列因式分解错误的是
[    ]
A.a2-bc+ac-ab=(a-b)(a+c)
B.ab-5a+3b-15=(b-5)(a+3)
C.x2+3xy-2x-6y=(x+3y)(x-2)
D.x2-6xy-1+9y2=(x+3y+1)(x+3y-1)
19.已知a2x2±2x+b2是完全平方式,且a,b都不为零,则a与b的关系为
[    ]
A.互为倒数或互为负倒数       B.互为相反数
C.相等的数                   D.任意有理数
20.对x4+4进行因式分解,所得的正确结论是
[    ]
A.不能分解因式               B.有因式x2+2x+2
C.(xy+2)(xy-8)               D.(xy-2)(xy-8)
21.把a4+2a2b2+b4-a2b2分解因式为
[    ]
A.(a2+b2+ab)2            B.(a2+b2+ab)(a2+b2-ab)
C.(a2-b2+ab)(a2-b2-ab)       D.(a2+b2-ab)2
22.-(3x-1)(x+2y)是下列哪个多项式的分解结果
[    ]
A.3x2+6xy-x-2y             B.3x2-6xy+x-2y
C.x+2y+3x2+6xy             D.x+2y-3x2-6xy
23.64a8-b2因式分解为
[    ]
A.(64a4-b)(a4+b)              B.(16a2-b)(4a2+b)
C.(8a4-b)(8a4+b)              D.(8a2-b)(8a4+b)
24.9(x-y)2+12(x2-y2)+4(x+y)2因式分解为
[    ]
A.(5x-y)2              B.(5x+y)2
C.(3x-2y)(3x+2y)             D.(5x-2y)2
25.(2y-3x)2-2(3x-2y)+1因式分解为
[    ]
A.(3x-2y-1)2           B.(3x+2y+1)2
C.(3x-2y+1)2           D.(2y-3x-1)2
26.把(a+b)2-4(a2-b2)+4(a-b)2分解因式为
[    ]
A.(3a-b)2              B.(3b+a)2
C.(3b-a)2              D.(3a+b)2
27.把a2(b+c)2-2ab(a-c)(b+c)+b2(a-c)2分解因式为
[    ]
A.c(a+b)2              B.c(a-b)2
C.c2(a+b)2             D.c2(a-b)
28.若4xy-4x2-y2-k有一个因式为(1-2x+y),则k的值为
[    ]
A.0                          B.1
C.-1                        D.4
29.分解因式3a2x-4b2y-3b2x+4a2y,正确的是
[    ]
A.-(a2+b2)(3x+4y)            B.(a-b)(a+b)(3x+4y)
C.(a2+b2)(3x-4y)              D.(a-b)(a+b)(3x-4y)
30.分解因式2a2+4ab+2b2-8c2,正确的是
[    ]
A.2(a+b-2c)                 B.2(a+b+c)(a+b-c)
C.(2a+b+4c)(2a+b-4c)       D.2(a+b+2c)(a+b-2c)
三、因式分解:
1.m2(p-q)-p+q;
2.a(ab+bc+ac)-abc;
3.x4-2y4-2x3y+xy3;
4.abc(a2+b2+c2)-a3bc+2ab2c2;
5.a2(b-c)+b2(c-a)+c2(a-b);
6.(x2-2x)2+2x(x-2)+1;
7.(x-y)2+12(y-x)z+36z2;
8.x2-4ax+8ab-4b2;
9.(ax+by)2+(ay-bx)2+2(ax+by)(ay-bx);
10.(1-a2)(1-b2)-(a2-1)2(b2-1)2;
11.(x+1)2-9(x-1)2;
12.4a2b2-(a2+b2-c2)2;
13.ab2-ac2+4ac-4a;
14.x3n+y3n;
15.(x+y)3+125;
16.(3m-2n)3+(3m+2n)3;
17.x6(x2-y2)+y6(y2-x2);
18.8(x+y)3+1;
19.(a+b+c)3-a3-b3-c3;
20.x2+4xy+3y2;
21.x2+18x-144;
22.x4+2x2-8;
23.-m4+18m2-17;
24.x5-2x3-8x;
25.x8+19x5-216x2;
26.(x2-7x)2+10(x2-7x)-24;
27.5+7(a+1)-6(a+1)2;
28.(x2+x)(x2+x-1)-2;
29.x2+y2-x2y2-4xy-1;
30.(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)(x-4)-48;
31.x2-y2-x-y;
32.ax2-bx2-bx+ax-3a+3b;
33.m4+m2+1;
34.a2-b2+2ac+c2;
35.a3-ab2+a-b;
36.625b4-(a-b)4;
37.x6-y6+3x2y4-3x4y2;
38.x2+4xy+4y2-2x-4y-35;
39.m2-a2+4ab-4b2;
40.5m-5n-m2+2mn-n2.
四、证明(求值):
1.已知a+b=0,求a3-2b3+a2b-2ab2的值.
2.求证:四个连续自然数的积再加上1,一定是一个完全平方数.
3.证明:(ac-bd)2+(bc+ad)2=(a2+b2)(c2+d2).
4.已知a=k+3,b=2k+2,c=3k-1,求a2+b2+c2+2ab-2bc-2ac的值.
5.若x2+mx+n=(x-3)(x+4),求(m+n)2的值.
6.当a为何值时,多项式x2+7xy+ay2-5x+43y-24可以分解为两个一次因式的乘积.
7.若x,y为任意有理数,比较6xy与x2+9y2的大小.
8.两个连续偶数的平方差是4的倍数.
参考答案:
一、填空题:

7.9,(3a-1)

10.x-5y,x-5y,x-5y,2a-b
11.+5,-2
12.-1,-2(或-2,-1)

14.bc+ac,a+b,a-c
15.8或-2
二、选择题:
1.B  2.C  3.C  4.B  5.B  6.D  7.A  8.C  9.D  10.B  11.C  12.C  13.B  14.C  15.D  16.B  17.B  18.D  19.A  20.B  21.B  22.D  23.C 24.A  25.A  26.C  27.C  28.C  29.D  30.D
三、因式分解:
1.(p-q)(m-1)(m+1).

8.(x-2b)(x-4a+2b).

11.4(2x-1)(2-x).

20.(x+3y)(x+y).
21.(x-6)(x+24).

27.(3+2a)(2-3a).

31.(x+y)(x-y-1).

38.(x+2y-7)(x+2y+5).

四、证明(求值):

2.提示:设四个连续自然数为n,n+1,n+2,n+3

6.提示:a=-18.

∴a=-18.