英语中 什么时候用部分倒装 什么时候用全部倒装 要很详细

一、 全部倒装
全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装的句子通常只用一般现在时和过去时。
1、 Here，There，Now，Then等副词放在句首时，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come，go，be，lie，run等。例如：
① There comes the bus！
② Now comes your turn.
2、 表示方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子要全部倒装，句中的谓语动词是come，go等表示运动的动词。
① The door opened and in came the headmaster.
② Up and up went the prices.
③ High flew the plane.
注意：
① 上述全部倒装句中主语如为人称代词，应放在动词前面。
Here comes Mr.Lee.
Here he comes.

Auay went the students.
Auay they went.
② 有时为了句子的平衡或强调，将表语置于句首，也属于全部倒装。
例如：Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.

二、 部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语动词的一部分如助动或情态动词置于主语之前。
1、 否定副词如no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，以及含有no，not的短语放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。
① Never in my life have I heard such a thing.
② Little did we expect that he could come.
③ Not a single word did he say at the meeting.
④ By no means should we do like this.
注意：如上述句子中的否定副词不置于句首时，句子结构不倒装。
2、 以否定词开头的关联结构
注意： No sooner…than…，Hardly/scarcely…when…,Not only…but also,Not until…
① Not until late in the evening did he come back.
② Hardly had he got on the bus when he heard a shout.
③ Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house.
注意：No sooner…than…；hardly…when；not only…but also这类句型，只将前半部分倒装，后半部分用正常语序。

3、 当only置于句首修饰状语时，句子要部分倒装。
① Only in this way can we learn English well.
② Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
4、 so，neither，nor在句首表示“也”或“也不”句子要部分倒装。
① Tom is very kind. So am I.
② I like English. So does Jack.
③ I can’t speak English. Nor/Neither can he.
注意：so 后主、谓语不倒装表示前面所述内容的肯定、确定。
试比较：
Tom is very kind. So am I.(两个人，一样情形)
Tom is very kind. So he is.（一个人，一种情形）
汤姆非常和蔼。他就是如此。
5、 由as/though引导的让步状语从句，从句形成倒装。
① Child as he was，he could speak five languages.
② Hard as he work,you can’t support your family.
③ Try as you do, you will ever win.
注意:表语为单数名词时，不定冠词“a”应被省去。
She–maker as he was,he was very happy.
6、 so…that/such…that句型中so，such 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
① So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.
7、 省略了if 的虚拟条件从句中，主谓形成了部分倒装（虚拟语气的条件句中，省略 if 后，had，were，should等应提前）
① Had you told me earlier, I could have done something .
② Should anyone call, tell him to call in the afternoon.
③ Were I you, I would try it again.