说出分封制与宗法制的主要内容、特点和作用。

说出分封制与宗法制的主要内容、特点和作用。
2025-03-04 03:15:44
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

宗法制:

1、内容:

①宗法是周人把血缘纽带同政治关系结合起来的一种措施;

②宗法制确立了严格的大宗、小宗体系;

③大宗与小宗的关系是相对的;

④大宗与小宗的关系不仅是家族等级关系,也是政治隶属关系。

2、最大的特点(核心):嫡长子继承制。 

3、作用:保证了各级贵族在政治上的垄断和特权地位,有利于统治集团内部的稳定和团结。

分封制:

1、内容:

①周王是国家的最高统治者。

②同姓亲族是分封的主体,还分封功臣、姻亲、殷商降族;

③被封的诸侯必须听从周天子的命令,诸侯有为周天子镇守疆土、随从作战、缴纳贡赋和朝觐述职的义务。

2、特点:周天子是最高统治者,土地与义务是周天子与诸侯联系的关键,层层受封。

3、作用:

①周人的势力范围扩大;

②确立了周王天下共主的地位,巩固了统治;

③分封制使西周贵族集团形成了“周王—诸侯—卿、大夫—士”的等级序列;

④分封制所建立的诸侯国有相对的独立性,在某种程度上直接影响了周王权的集中。

扩展资料

分封制与宗法制的联系:

(1)宗法制和分封制一起,构成了夏商周时期的政治制度的主体,对中国社会产生了深远的影响。

(2)宗法制与分封制互为表里,相辅相成。分封制是宗法制在政治上的体现,宗法制是分封制的内核和纽带,它维系了分封制,维护贵族统治集团内部的稳定和团结。它们体现了西周政治制度等级森严、政治与血缘结合的鲜明特点。

参考资料:百度百科-分封制

参考资料:百度百科-宗法制度

回答2:

“分封制与宗法制互为表里”,分封制为“表”,宗法制为“里”:

嫡长制继承制是宗法制的最大特点,并且,按照血缘关系的亲疏,形成了“周天子、诸侯、士大夫、家臣”这样的等级。因此,宗法制是维系分封制的血缘纽带,保证了分封制的顺利推行和稳定实施,是为里。

分封制就是封邦建国,一方面分封已臣服的商朝后裔和原商朝方国的首领;另一方面,以武力为后盾,将同姓诸侯分插到各地方国间,成为地方的政治中心以达到“封建亲戚,以藩屏周”的功效。因此分封制是建立在宗法制基础之上的,也是宗法制在政治制度方面的外在体现。

回答3:

分封制:一:对前朝王室、功臣、姻亲进行分封,规定各诸侯国按期进贡、服役。二:“封建亲戚,以蕃屏周”。三:巩固了周王室的统治,确立了周王天下共主的地位,周人的势力范围扩大了。

回答4:

西周分封制分封同姓诸侯和殷人后裔,就是同姓和外姓,以血缘关系为纽带的,嫡长子继承制度…

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