合作原则的定义

合作原则（The Cooperative Principle）是语言学家格赖茨（Herbert Paul Grice 1913-1988）在他的著作“Logic and Conversation”(1975)提出的。
格莱斯在“Logic and Conversation” (1975)一文中认为人们在谈话中遵守的合作原则包括四个范畴，每个范畴又包括一条准则和一些次准则，即： (The Maxim of Quantity)。
a)所说的话应该满足交际所需的信息量 [Make your contribution as informative as is required (for the current purpose of the exchange)]；
b)所说的话不应超出交际所需的信息量 [Do not make your contribution more informative than is required]； (The Maxim of Quality)。 (Try to make your contribution one that is true)
a)不要说自知是虚假的话 [Do not say what you believe to be false]；
b)不要说缺乏足够证据的话 [Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence]； (The Maxim of Manner)。说话要清楚、明了 (Be perspicuous)。
a)避免晦涩 [Avoid obscurity]；
b)避免歧义 [Avoid ambiguity]；
c)简炼 [Be brief (avoid unnecessary prolixity)]；
d)井井有条 [Be orderly]。