膳食调查结果的评价主要包括那些指标?

膳食调查结果的评价主要包括那些指标?要详细!!
2025-02-21 06:41:13
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

平均需要量(EAR)、推荐摄入量(RNI)、适宜摄入量(AI)和可耐受最高摄入量(UL)。
查各种食品的摄取量,再根据“食物成分表”计算出每日每人各种营养素的摄入量,以便对膳食进行评价。常用的有询问法、记帐法、称重法和化学分析法。询问法。询问膳食的组成和数量,每日进餐次数、时间、食物种数和数量,主食、副食、水果和点心都应包括在内。食物种类和数量要尽可能准确,若有疑问应加用称重法核实或再询问。
将调查期间吃的同类食物相加,以调查天数相除,即得出平均每日各类食物的进食量,按食物成分表,计算出每日营养素摄取量,再按进食量系数折合男、女、老、幼每个人的摄入量。此法不太准确,但很方便,可用于家庭或个人。记帐法。调查购入食物的票据和帐目,得到各种食物的消耗总量。再用进餐的总人、日数除,得出平均每人每日各类食物的进食量,按食物成分表计算出营养素的摄取量。此种方法主要用于集体单位,如幼儿园、部队、学校等。
如果进食人员组成不同的单位,尚需要按进食量系数分别折算。此法所费人力较少,易行,能调查较长时间的膳食,例如调查1年4个季度,每季度1个月的膳食。称重法。称量和记录各种食物的生重、烹调后的熟重,统计及记录每餐进食人员组成及其人数,由此求得此餐每人所进食的各种食物的生重。
在集体单位进行尚较简单;若家庭中有从儿童到老年各种年龄的人时,尚须根据具体情况,将老人及儿童折合成成年人(标准人)后,再行计算。将一天各餐结果加在一起,得出1天各种生食进食量。若每天食谱类似,可称重3~4天。否则应称重1周的饮食,然后将称重期间同类食品相加,以调查天数和进餐人数相除,得出平均每日各种食物的进食量,从而计算各种营养素的摄取量。
此法能准确得出被调查单位或个人的膳食情况。但费人力、费时间。化学分析法。留取与被调查者进食的食物种类、数量完全相同的一日膳食,通过化学分析,了解其中所含热能和营养素量。此法主要用于科学研究或严格限制营养的病人。方法繁复,但结果十分准确。
根据上述任何一种方法得出每人每日营养素摄入量后,将它与供给量比较,并计算热能及蛋白质主要来自哪些食物、优质蛋白质(豆类、动物性食品)所占比例等,就可对膳食作出评价。膳食调查结果是为全面营养状况调查提供背景材料。

回答2:

我看方面很多 中国的饮食类 最多 有调养的 养颜的 保这保那的 你就综合考虑下 你门属于南还是北方 然后就是 现在的饮食大多 都是以健康理念为标准 所以 可以考虑下 保养方面的!!

回答3:

关于这个问题,我是这样认为的;这些需要全身的各个器官·都能够渗入足够的营养和身体的健康

回答4:

营养指数 健康指数

回答5:

去百度一下会得到更详细的

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