Bertrand Russell 伯特兰·罗素
新概念四册有一篇文章是罗素的,其中有一段话非常经典,很多人都会背:An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.
An individual human existence should be like a river,一个人的存在就应该像是一条河,这是非常优美的表达方式,small at first就象征着人类的童年,narrowly contained within its banks,这里的bank指的是什么呢?既然河流象征人的一生,bank也一定有它的象征意义,值得是社会和家庭,因为这时候人还没有自己生存的能力。and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. 这象征的是人类的青年时代,rushing,冲,怎么样的冲呢,他用了一个副词修饰,passionately,激情地,我们的学习方法叫做激情联想法,人生一定不能少了激情,少了激情人生就无法迈向成功,即使你可能很有能力,没有激情也很可能时常陷入一种迷茫当中。因为你的人生是不可能一帆风顺,boulders石头,指人生的困难。Waterfalls瀑布,象征着人生遇到的困难。人生难免遇到困难和挫折,应该怎么办呢?我们要充满激情的越过这些困难和挫折,越过了所有的障碍之后怎么样呢?Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly。象征着人类的老年阶段,阅历丰富,人生变得广阔,没有什么可以限制他们了。in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being.融入到普遍的生命当中,就是死亡,消失了个体的存在。他认为这是毫无痛苦的。这是进入一个更加广阔的生命群体里面。这对于人生的思考有着非常深的启迪。
新概念四,第65面,第11课——How to grow old.